ENSC/PES 1600 Fall 2011 Review Test 4
updated: 12-Dec-2011 17:34
multiple choice type items:
Flexible Solar Cells
Amorphous Silicon (Si) Cells
Thin Poly-Crystalline Silicon (Si) Cells
Copper Indium Diselenide Cells
Cadmium Telluride Cells
Amorphous Si Thin Film (a-Si)
Chalcopyrite Material
Organic, Polymeric & Dye Solar Cells
Hydrogen as Fuel
Hydrogen Fuel Cells
3 main problems with H as source of fuel
3 methods for the production of Hydrogen
Crystal
Metallic Crystals
Amorphous Solids
Properties of Glass: Physical properties:
Density
Properties of Glass: Optical Properties:
Transparency
Opacity
Colour
Photosensitivity
Refraction of light
Reflection of light
Glass Treating: Strengthening:
Thermal tempering
Ion exchange
Lamination
Tempered glass
E Glass
Commerical Glasses
Agents for colouring glass
Colour: It is common practice to define pure colors in terms of the wavelengths of light
Hue: The terms "red" and "blue" are primarily describing hue - hue is related to wavelength for spectral colors.
Saturation: Pink may be thought of as having the same hue as red but being less saturated. A fully saturated color is one with no mixture of white.
Brightness: The brightness of a colored surface depends upon the illuminance and upon its reflectivity.
Colour-Sensitive Cones in Retina:
Green & Red cones are in the fovea centralis
Blue cones have highest sensitivity & found outside the fovea
64% of cones are red sensitive
32% of cones are green sensitive
Refractive index for blue light is different from red and green. Blue light is out of focus due to chromatic aberration.
Lumens: The lumen is the standard unit for the luminous flux of a light source. It is an SI derived unit based on the candela.
Luminous Flux: The radiant power is the total radiated power in watts, also called (radiant flux). This power must be factored by the sensitivity of the human eye to determine luminous flux in lumens.
Radiant Flux: Is energy per unit time (dQ/dt) that is radiated from a source over optical wavelengths, which are defined from: 3x1011 and 3x1016 Hz.
Range is approx equivalent to wavelengths from .01 to 1000 µm & includes the regions of the electromagnetic spectrum commonly referred to as (UV), Visible, & (IR)
Candela: The candela is the foundation unit for the measurement of visible light. It is one of the seven foundation SI units.
Luminescent:
Fluorescent
Primary Process
Secondary Process
Phosphorescent
Chemiluminescence
Bioluminescence
Triboluminesence
Index of Refraction: The index of refraction is defined as the speed of light in vacuum divided by the speed of light in the medium.
Trivex Abbe value
Hi-Index Lenses
Anti-reflective Coating
Light Sources in Electronics: LED's, & LASERS
LED's: Light can be produced and/or controlled electronically in a number of ways.
In light emitting diodes (LEDs), light is produced by a solid state process called: electroluminescence.
LASER: The stimulated emission of light is the crucial quantum process necessary for the operation of a laser. (Not a source of energy)
Polymers
Celluloid
Bakelite
Polymerization
Thermosetting resins
Thermoplastic resins
PVC
Polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC)
UVA
UVB
UVC
Fluorescent lighting
LED light intensity: is directly related to the # of photons emitted per unit time
General concept of phototsynthesis
Photochemical reaction
Enzymatic reaction
Light-dependent stage
Dark Reaction
Energy Efficiency of photosynthesis
Description of Light
Energy of Light
Energy (e) of a photon = hv = hc / wavelength
Solar spectrum used by plants
Absorption of incident light
Photons are quanta of light energy: hv (h = Plancks Constant = 6.626 x 10 ^-34 m^2 * kg / s) (v = light frequency)
Photodissociation
Photoelectric effect: the emission of an electron when light strikes a surface to escape from the surface. the electron must absorb enough energy from the incident radiation to overcome the attraction of positive ions in the material of the surface.
problem type questions (some equations will be provided):
Solar collector area needed for heating water
Solar energy in Btu's coming through a glazed (double) vertical window
Collector area needed for a solar oven
Illuminance on an area
Illumination under an area
Fluorescent light operation & its components
Comparing enthalpies of combustion between gasoline and hydrogen
