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Art History

A H 100-3. Languages of Art.
An introduction to the range of material culture, the human made environment, the representation and meaning in objects in a variety of times and cultures. The student will understand and communicate ideas about the visual arts.

A H 250-3. Art Matters: Reading, Writing and Research in Art History.
An introduction to the practices of critical reading, thesis driven writing, and scholarly research methods in art history. The course is required for art history majors in their sophomore year.

A H 280-3. Survey: Ancient Art.
A survey of sculpture, painting, and architecture from the Paleolithic through the Roman periods. The Arts of Mesopotamia, of Egypt, Anatolia, Greece, and Rome will be given primary consideration.

A H 281-3. Survey: Medieval Art.
A survey of the arts of early Christian, Byzantine, early Medieval, Romanesque, and Gothic periods.

A H 282-3. Survey: Renaissance, Baroque, and Rococo Art.
A survey of the paintings, sculpture, and architecture of Proto-Renaissance Italy through the European Rococo periods, roughly 1300 through 1750.

A H 283-3. Survey: Modern Art.
This course is an introduction to major art movements of the Western world from the late 19th and 20th centuries, beginning with Post-Impressionism and ending with Abstract Expressionism.

A H 284-3. Survey: History of Architecture.
Addresses the space, function, form and environmental concerns of architecture in cultures throughout the world from caves to skyscrapers, tents to temples.

A H 285-3. Survey: American Art.
This course addresses the material culture of what now is the continental United States. Material culture in this context emphasizes painting, sculpture and architecture, but comprises as well the decorative arts.

A H 300-3. Topics in Art History.
Emphasizes study of a more specific area than that covered in regular art history course offerings. For further information see individual course listing for each semester.

A H 301-3. History of Photography.
The history of photography from its infancy to the present. The development of the photograph as art will be traced from the early 19th-century pioneers through the contemporary masters.

A H 324-3. The Art of Greece and Rome.
A consideration of the culture of ancient Greece and Rome as expressed by architecture, painting, and sculpture from around 800 B.C. to 400 A.D.

A H 328-3. Introduction to Feminist Film, Video and Digital Media.
A survey of major themes in feminist independent film, video and web-based projects produced since the mid-1970s.

A H 333-3. Film, Video and the Avant-Garde.
An examination of the relationship between avant-garde film and video, and the history of modern and contemporary art. The course will include the film and video works of artists such as Man Ray, Maya Deren, Andy Warhol, and Issac Julien.

A H 343-3. African-American Art.
Introduction to contemporary (1970-) African-American art forms with inclusion of traditional African arts influence on American Black culture. Meets with EST 343.

A H 360-3. Modern Architecture.
The development in Europe and America which led to the present state of architecture and urbanism. Emphasis upon the designers responses to totally new materials, technology, and environmental conditions.

A H 379-3. Romanesque and Gothic Art.
A consideration of Romanesque and Gothic culture as manifest in the sculpture, painting, and architecture of Europe from around 1030-1350.

A H 380-3. Sacred Spaces of the World.
An examination of the architecture and sites of the worlds major religions with a focus on the relationships of the form of these sacred spaces to the history and philosophy of the religion. Meets with REST 380.

A H 384-3. Baroque Art.
The 17th century throughout Europe with primary attention to Caravaggio, Rubens, Bernini, Poussin, Velasquez, and Rembrandt.

A H 385-3. Topics in American Art.
Selected topics in the art of America from colonial period to the present, including folk art, craft, modern art, post-modern architecture, monuments, popular art and culture, etc. Prer., A H 100 or A H 200 level survey.

A H 386-3. Contemporary Art.
An in-depth, thematic study of art of the late 1980s to the present that emphasizes the analysis of the art of our time in relation to a variety of critical texts. Prer., A H 100 or 200-level A H survey.

A H 400-3. Seminar: The Practice of Art History.
Seminar experience in art history methodology. Required of all graduating majors. Open to students with 15 hours of upper-division coursework in art history.

A H 403-1 to 3. Internship in Art History.
Supervised opportunities for advanced art history students to apply their knowledge and obtain experience in a variety of professional arenas. Pass/Fail only. Prer., Permission of advisor.

A H 434-3. Arts of Indigenous Cultures.
An in-depth investigation of the art forms and related social customs of cultures native to the Americas, Australia, and Africa.

A H 456-3. Perspectives on Art.
An examination of selected literature in art history, criticism, and aesthetics not usually covered in standard course offerings.

A H 481-3. Art of the Italian Renaissance I.
A study of major trends in the development of painting, sculpture, and architecture as they reflect the culture of Renaissance Italy from around 1300-1500. Prer., A H 282 or equivalent.

A H 482-3. Art of the Italian Renaissance II.
The late Renaissance and mannerism. The art of 16th- century Italy; special emphasis upon Michelangelo, Titian and Venice, both Florentine and Roman Mannerists, with some attention to Caravaggio. Prer., A H 282 or equivalent.

A H 483-3. Northern Renaissance Art.
History of painting in northern Europe from the late 14th through the 16th century with primary emphasis on the art of the low countries. Prer., A H 282 or equivalent.

A H 489-3. Nineteenth Century Art I.
History of the neoclassic and Romantic movements in European art with special reference to the Painting of David, Goya, Ingres, Gericault, and Delacroix, as well as consideration of architecture and sculpture from 1780 to 1850.

A H 490-3. Nineteenth Century Art II.
A study of the developments of Realism, Impressionism, Post-Impressionism, and Symbolism in France and England from 1850 to 1905.

A H 491-3. Modern Art: 1900-1945.
An in-depth, thematic study of the history of the avante-garde between 1890 and 1945 that emphasizes the analysis of art of this period in relation to a variety of critical texts.

A H 492-3. Art since 1945.
An in-depth, thematic study of Modernism and Post- Modernism in the visual arts that emphasizes the analysis of art and architecture of this period in relation to a variety of critical texts. Prer., A H 200 level survey.

A H 940-1 to 4. Independent Study in Art History.
Independent Study in Art History on the undergraduate level with any full-time professor by arrangement.

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American Studies

AMST 599-3. Topics in American Studies.
Topics in American Studies will amplify student choices in academic departments and courses with a focus on the American experience at the graduate level. Prer., Enrollment in AMST Program.

AMST 700-1 to 6. Masters Thesis.
Thesis of original research on an appropriate topic approved by program director. Prer., Completion of 24 credit hours of course work.

AMST 999-0. Candidate for Degree.

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ANTH 103-3. Introduction to Human Origins.
Evolution of humanity and its cultures from their beginnings through the early metal ages. Covers human evolution, race, prehistory, and the rise of early civilization.

ANTH 104-3. Introduction to Cultural Anthropology.
Introduction to the major aspects of culture, such as social organization, law, religion, and language. Juniors and seniors should begin their study of cultural anthropology with ANTH 240.

ANTH 132-3. Evolution/Creationism Conflict.
Course will determine the realms in which conflict exists between evolution and creationism (as explanations for the origin and development of life on earth). Scientific evidence supporting the explanations will be stressed. Special emphasis will be placed on evidence for/against human evolution.

ANTH 204-3. Women in Cross-Cultural Perspective.
Provides a cross-cultural perspective on women primarily from an anthropological viewpoint. As a cross-listed course with WMST 204, we will build a framework for comparing womens experience cross-culturally. Meets with WMST 204.

ANTH 220-4. Survey of Prehistory.
The basic concepts and techniques of archaeology and a survey of the major developments in world prehistory.

ANTH 230-4. Survey of Biological Anthropology.
Basic concepts in the study of human evolution, human physical variation, and social behavior of nonhuman primates.

ANTH 240-3. Survey of Cultural Anthropology.
Basic concepts in the study of cultures. Prer., ANTH 104 or sophomore status.

ANTH 241-3. Cultural Diversity in the United States.
Examines prejudice and discrimination in the United States from a variety of anthropological perspectives. It addresses such topics as racism, sexism, homophobia and religious intolerance.

ANTH 280-3. The Nature of Language.
Introduction to the anthropological study of language. Prer., ANTH 104 or sophomore standing.

ANTH 300-3. Quantitative Methods in Anthropology.
A survey of quantitative methods emphasizing the nature of hypothesis testing. Attention is given to special problems of bioanthropological, archaeological, and ethnographic data. Prer., 9 Completed hours in anthropology or consent of instructor.

ANTH 303-3. Introduction to Human Sociobiology.
Introduction to basic principles of sociobiology: natural selection, kin selection, sexual selection, evolutionary psychology, reciprocal altruism. Prer., ANTH 103 or ANTH 104 or instructor permission.

ANTH 307-3. Darwinism.
A critical examination of Charles Darwins Origin of Species and The Descent of Man and their contemporary critics, considered in historical perspective. Prer., Sophomore standing.

ANTH 309-3. God, Darwin, and Morality.
Explores the moral implications of Darwins Theory of Evolution by natural selection. Offered only through Extended Studies.

ANTH 320-5. Field Techniques in Archaeology.
While working on a local prehistoric site, students will learn basic archaeological field techniques such as stratigraphy, mapping, excavating, recording, and artifact storage. Students will play an active role in planning the field project and, if necessary, in adjusting techniques to the problems presented by the site. Prer., ANTH 220.

ANTH 321-3. Lab Techniques in Archaeology.
Provides hands-on experience cataloging and analyzing materials from archaeological sites. Topics will include analysis, computer applications, materials conservation, and artifact illustration, and also the methodological decision-making that affects how we describe, analyze, and interpret data. Prer., ANTH 220 or consent of instructor.

ANTH 322-3. Prehistory of North America.
The prehistory of North America, emphasizing the peopling of the new world, earliest American cultures, and later regional developments. Prer., Either ANTH 103, ANTH 104, ANTH 220 or consent of instructor.

ANTH 323-3. High Civilizations of the Americas.
Prehistoric, protohistoric, and historic cultural analysis of the Aztecs, the Mayans, and the Incas. Includes discussion of their archaeological developments, cultural attainments, and influence on other peoples. Prer., ANTH 103 or consent of instructor.

ANTH 324-3. Paleolithic Archaeology.
The cultural evidence for human development from the earliest stone tool assemblages of the Plio- Pleistocene to the Mesolithic and Archaic cultures of the old and new worlds. Prer., ANTH 220 or consent of instructor.

ANTH 325-3. The Prehistory and History of Native American Cultures of the Southwest.
The prehistory and ethnography of the Indian cultures of the Southwest. Meets with A H 300 Sec 001.

ANTH 326-3. Agricultural Origins and the Emergence of Urban Society.
The evidence for the origins of agricultural economies and the emergence of complex social and political institutions in both the old and new worlds. Prer., ANTH 220 or ANTH 103 and consent of instructor.

ANTH 327-3. Historical Archaeology.
History and practice of the sub-discipline of historical archaeology. Covers archaeological method and theory, some of which is unique to this subfield. Students will explore diverse perspectives brought to historical archaeology by its practitioners, and critically examine individual case studies. Prer., ANTH 220 or consent of instructor.

ANTH 328-3. Archaeological Approaches to Gender and Sexuality.
Course covers archaeological approaches to studying gender and sexuality in past societies. Students will discuss the theoretical and methodological implications of these archaeological approaches and analyze various case studies, spanning periods from the Paleolithic to the recent past. Prer., ANTH 220 or permission of instructor.

ANTH 332-3. Primatology.
Behavior, ecology, and evolution of nonhuman primates. Emphasis on field studies, and on evolutionary explanations of social groups, mating systems, and behavior toward kin. Prer., ANTH 103 or ANTH 230 or consent of instructor.

ANTH 334-3. Human Evolution.
A detailed examination of the fossil evidence for human evolution, emphasizing functional analysis of human structure and the process of natural selection. Prer., ANTH 230 or 103 or consent of instructor.

ANTH 337-3. Human Biology and Ecology.
The study of variation and adaptations of human populations in an ecological framework. Includes interactions between cultural and biological factors in health and in reproduction, and anthropological aspects of demography. Prer., ANTH 103 or ANTH 230 or consent of instructor.

ANTH 340-3. Evolutionary Explanations of Altruism.
Evolutionary explanations of altruism and human kindness are examined. These include group selection, kin selection, and reciprocal altruism. Prer., ANTH 303 or instructor permission.

ANTH 341-3. Ecological Anthropology.
Examines the relationship between culture and the natural environment in varied settings around the world. It focuses on the role of cultural anthropology in averting ecological disasters and creating methods of sustainable natural resource management. Prer. ANTH 104 or ANTH 240.

ANTH 342-3. North American Indians.
A survey of the native cultures of America north of Mexico. Examines major institutions by culture area and type of social organization. Prer., ANTH 240 or 104 or consent of instructor.

ANTH 345-3. Social Organization.
Analysis of social organization among native peoples with an emphasis on kinship forms and functions. Prer., ANTH 104 or ANTH 240.

ANTH 346-3. Anthropological Theories of Religion.
Classic and recent anthropological theories of religion are evaluated in light of ethnographic data on shamanism, totemism, magic, witch-killing, divination, myths and ancestor worship. Prer., ANTH 104 or ANTH 240 or consent of instructor. Meets with REST 346.

ANTH 347-3. Human Sexuality in Evolutionary Perspective.
Recent advances in evolutionary theory are applied to human sexual behavior in a wide variety of cultures. Topics include mate selection, sexual jealousy, and parental investment theory. Prer., ANTH 303 or instructor permission. Meets with WMST 347.

ANTH 348-3. Culture and Personality.
Surveys the field of psychological anthropology and examines cross-cultural studies of personality development, mental health issues, and forms of ethnotherapy or native healing methods. The course covers methods in the study of behavior and personality in a cross-cultural perspective. Prer., ANTH 104 or PSY 100 or instructor consent.

ANTH 349-3. Culture Theory.
Analysis of significant theories of culture. Prer., ANTH 104 or ANTH 240 or consent of instructor.

ANTH 351-3. The Ethnology of Death.
A cross-cultural consideration of a universal human experience. Prer., ANTH 104 or ANTH 240.

ANTH 381-3. Language, Culture, and Society.
An examination of the social and cultural functions of language, emphasizing the use of linguistic methods and theories in anthropology and sociology. Prer., Sophomore standing.

ANTH 397-3. History of Anthropology.
History of the growth of anthropology from the earliest times, various schools of thought, outstanding contributors and their work, to the mid-20th century. Prer., ANTH 240 or ANTH 104 or consent of instructor.

ANTH 409-3. Classics of Anthropological Literature.
Analysis of classical literature in the history of anthropology. Prer., ANTH. 240, 349, or 407 or consent of instructor.

ANTH 420-1 to 3. Advanced Topics in Archaeology.
Intensive study of selected topics in archaeology and prehistory. Prer., ANTH 320.

ANTH 430-3. Advanced Topics in Physical Anthropology.
Intensive study of selected issues in human evolution, human biology, and primate behavior and ecology. In different years deals with different topic areas. Prer., ANTH 104 or ANTH 240 or ANTH 280.

ANTH 440-3. Advanced Topics in Cultural Anthropology.
Intensive study of selected topics in cultural anthropology. In different years deals with different topic areas. Prer., Consent of instructor. Meets with EST 440.

ANTH 471-1 to 6. Internship in Anthropology.
A program of study and learning outside the classroom. Practical exposure to field of interest is intended to provide appropriate experience related to a students career orientation. Students must have departmental permission. Anthropology majors only. Prerequisites vary depending on area of specialization.

ANTH 480-3. Advanced Topics in Anthropological Linguistics.
Intensive study of selected topics in anthropological linguistics. In different years deals with different topic areas. Prer., Consent of instructor.

ANTH 498-3. Senior Seminar in Anthropology.
A one semester special topics course designed to provide a synthesizing cap to the students undergraduate program in anthropology. Topics vary by semester. Prer., Senior status.

ANTH 499-3. Senior Thesis.
A one semester research project. The student will write a formal research paper drawing in primary sources and pertinent secondary material. The student will work under the direction of a full time member of the department and will have a second member as an additional reader.

ANTH 700-1 to 6. Masters Thesis.

ANTH 940-1 to 3. Independent Study in Anthropology.
Hours and credits to be arranged. Consent of instructor is required.

ANTH 950-1 to 4. Independent Study in Anthropology.
Prer., Consent of instructor.

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American Sign Language

ASL 101-4. American Sign Language I.
Basics of American Sign Language with applied usage of signs and finger spelling. Introduction to oral methodology.

ASL 102-4. American Sign Language II.
American Sign Language with continued applied usage of finger spelling. Additional oral methodology. Prer., ASL 101 or equivalent.

ASL 211-3. American Sign Language Intermediate I.
American Sign Language at the intermediate level with additional study of the culture on the hearing impaired. Prer., ASL 102 or equivalent.

ASL 359-3. Deaf Culture.
Examines the culture of deaf people. The course will explore the customs, values, norms and heritage of the deaf community in America. Prer., ASL 101 and ASL 102. Meets with F CS 359.

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Bibliography

BIBL 101-3. Introduction to Library Research.
Introduction to the use of library services and research materials. Emphasis on the individual research needs. Designed for the undergraduate student in any discipline.

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BIOL 100-3. Biology in the Modern World.
Designed for the nonmajor. The introductory principles of biology stressing the relationships between man and the environment. Concepts include heredity, evolution, genetics, nutrition, physiology, and ecology. Satisfies the LAS natural science requirement. To be taken with 106-1 to satisfy the LAS laboratory requirement. May not count as credit for the major. Fall, Spring, Summer.

BIOL 105-3. Personal Nutrition.
Designed for the nonmajor. A course presenting basic information about factors influencing human nutritional requirements and food sources to meet them. Emphasis is on application of biological principles in the students own diets and lives. The course will include how to evaluate ones own nutritional needs and the adequacy of personal diet. Satisfies the LAS natural science requirement. Spring.

BIOL 106-1. Introductory Biology Laboratory.
May be taken in conjunction with BIOL 100 to satisfy the LAS science requirement and lab requirement.

BIOL 110-3. General Biology I: Introduction to Cell Biology.
Designed to integrate the more important facts and principles throughout living systems from molecular to organismic levels of organization. Broad areas of coverage include molecular and cellular biology. Prer., High school chemistry or concurrent registration in CHEM 101 or CHEM 103.

BIOL 111-1. General Biology I Laboratory: Introduction to Cell Biology Laboratory.
To be taken in conjunction with BIOL 110. A series of experiments designed primarily to illustrate basic concepts of cellular biology and provide hands- on laboratory experience. Fall.

BIOL 113-4. Plant Biology.
Structural and functional characteristics of plants. Stresses adaptations that plants have made in transition from aquatic to terrestrial environments. Lab is integral part of course and allows students to examine these organisms and relationships. Prer., BIOL 110 and BIOL 111.

BIOL 114-3. Introduction to Health and Exercise Science.
Designed for the nonmajor. Introduction to energy systems in exercise, cardiorespiratory functions, nutrition, body composition, environmental considerations and training during exercise and work.

BIOL 115-3. General Biology II: Organismic Biology.
A continuation of BIOL 110 emphasizing diversity in living systems. The theme of structure and function is emphasized with consideration given to the principles of embryology, ecology, behavior, genetics and evolution. Also emphasizing the structure, function and diversity of the plant world, including cyanobacteria, fungi, and lower and higher plants. Spring. Prer. BIOL 110 and BIOL 111 or equivalent.

BIOL 116-1. General Biology II Laboratory.
To be taken in conjunction with BIOL 115. Labs illustrate the basic concepts of plant and animal organisms. Spring.

BIOL 151-3. Environmental Science.
Introduction to atomic molecular structure and to biological structure and function. Environmental contaminants in air and their reactions, water quality and its analysis, wastewater treatment, the ecology of natural systems and genetic adaptation. Counts towards fulfillment of the LAS natural science area requirement. Meets with CHEM 151.

BIOL 153-1. Environmental Science Laboratory.
With BIOL 151, satisfies the LAS science requirement and lab requirement. Fall, Spring. Meets with CHEM 153.

BIOL 201-4. Human Anatomy and Physiology.
Part 1. Lect. and lab. A comprehensive study of the structure and function of the human body. Covers basic anatomical terminology, cells, tissues, and the following systems: integumentary, skeletal, muscle, and nervous. Fall.

BIOL 202-4. Human Anatomy and Physiology.
Part 2. Lect. and lab. A comprehensive study of the sense organs, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, immune, respiratory, digestive, urinary and reproductive systems. Spring. Prer., BIOL 201.

BIOL 203-4. Microbiology.
Lect. and lab. Presentation of the basic aspects of microbiology within a broad biological perspective. Subject matter will include microbiological concepts and methodology; a survey of the distinguishing properties of microorganisms based on structural- functional relationships: introduction to growth, metabolism, genetics, and ecology. Fall. Prer., BIOL 110, BIOL 111, BIOL 115 and BIOL 116, or CHEM 103 and CHEM 106.

BIOL 204-3. Biomedical Aspects of Aging.
A comprehensive study of the normal and pathological aspects of the aging process in human beings. The course treats cellular through organ system function, examining causes and changes related to aging. Immunity, nutrition and biopsychological factors are studied. The course also examines the concept of wellness as it applies to aging. Meets with GRNT 204 and HSCI 280.

BIOL 205-3. Nutrition for Health Sciences.
An introductory level course for students preparing for health science careers. Emphasis will be on the variety of biological and environmental factors which influence nutritional needs and nutritional status. The role of nutrients in energy metabolism and physiology will also be covered. The course will also focus on the educational role of the health service provider. Each student will do a detailed analysis of his own diet. Fall. Prer., BIOL 110 and BIOL 111 or CHEM 101 and CHEM 102.

BIOL 206-3. Biology for Computer Scientists.
Introductory treatment of molecular and cellular biology. Topics include: cell structure, gene regulation, genetics, genetic engineering, cellular communication, molecular evolution. Some topics relevant to computer science will be addressed. Prer., MATH 104.

BIOL 300-3. Research Methods in Biology.
An introduction to the principles, concepts, and processes involved in scientific research. Emphasis is on critical thinking approaches to evaluating scientific works, statistical methods for analyzing biological data, and research project design and reporting. Prer., MATH 135.

BIOL 302-3. Cell Biology.
Life processes with emphasis on relationships of structure and function at organelle and molecular level. Physical and chemical properties of protoplasm, enzyme action; cellular respiration, cell growth, and division. Fall.

BIOL 310-3. Microbiology: Bacteriology/Mycology.
Bacteriology/Mycology is an upper division, advanced study of the metabolism, physiology, and genetics of bacteria, yeast and fungus. Prer., BIOL 110 and CHEM 103. Co-req., BIOL 311.

BIOL 311-1. Bacteriology/Mycology Lab.
Laboratory course to accompany BIOL 310. Prer., BIOL 310 concurrently or preceding.

BIOL 313-3. Plants of Colorado.
An introduction to the identification of plants and the study of vegetation of Colorado. Emphasis will be on the vascular flora. Lecture, lab and field trips.

BIOL 314-3. Microbiology: Virology.
Virology is an upper division course covering the topic of biology of viruses. Prer., BIOL 110 and CHEM 103.

BIOL 315-1. Virology Lab.
Research oriented - microbiology lab course. Prer., BIOL 310 and BIOL 314.

BIOL 321-3. Human Physiology.
Focuses on the study of homeostatic control and how the nervous, endocrine, muscular, circulatory, respiratory, excretory, digestive and reproductive systems function in the human body. Prer., BIOL 110, BIOL 111, BIOL 115 and BIOL 116.

BIOL 322-3. Animal Physiology.
An examination of how invertebrates and vertebrates have met the problems of survival through physiological adaptations. Fall.

BIOL 330-3. Exercise Physiology.
A comprehensive, introductory course describing the effect of exercise on normal, physiological function. The course will describe the long-term benefits of exercise training, training adaptations and control mechanisms for these adaptations. Fall.

BIOL 333-2. Alternative Therapies in Nutrition.
A review of the use and implications of alternative nutritional therapies. Provides a basis of understanding nutritional and herbal therapies. Winterim. Prer., BIOL 110 and BIOL 115.

BIOL 360-4. Histology.
A comprehensive study of basic tissue type stressing the structural and functional interrelations of these tissues within organs. Treatment of cellular ultrastructure and development as it relates to tissues. Emphasis on vertebrates, including human beings. Spring. Prer., BIOL 110, BIOL 111, BIOL 115, and BIOL 116. Open to junior, senior, or graduate students.

BIOL 361-4. Vertebrate Embryology/Developmental Anatomy.
Lect. and lab. Embryonic development stressing vertebrate animals from fertilized egg through organ systems, with introduction to experimental analysis. Spring (even years).

BIOL 370-3. General Ecology.
A survey of environmental relationships of plants and animals. Topics include speciation, abiotic, and biotic limiting factors, population, community and ecosystem dynamics, and terrestrial and aquatic biomes. Spring.

BIOL 383-3. Genetics.
Classical and molecular genetic principles. Topics discussed include gene structure, function, and regulation; replication and recombination; DNA technology; and evolutionary and population genetics. Spring. Prer., BIOL 302.

BIOL 384-2. Genetics Laboratory.
Laboratory course designed to illustrate concepts of Genetics as described in lecture (BIOL383). Spring. Prer., BIOL 383 genetics or concurrent enrollment.

BIOL 391-3. Immunology.
A basic study of immunity which treats the biochemical, physiological, and genetic aspects of the immune response, particularly in humans. Fall.

BIOL 400-1 to 3. Current Topics in Biology.
Specialized topics and current issues are considered. Subject matter will change depending upon individual instructors. The topic in any given semester will be specified in the semester class schedule. May be repeated for credit more than one semester. Spring. Meets with BIOL 500.

BIOL 401-1. Seminar in Biology.
Review and discussion of pertinent research subjects. Students will present seminars. Fall. Prer., Senior or graduate standing.

BIOL 403-3. Health and Fitness.
A review of exercise prescription and health evaluation techniques including a special section on nutrition. Prer., BIOL 201 and BIOL 202.

BIOL 404-3. Computer Skills for Biologists.
The goal of this course is to train biologists to use and understand some of the methods currently employed by computational (molecular) biologists. Additionally, students will be taught how to solve biological problems with the PERL programming language. Prer., BIOL 110 and BIOL 115. Meets with BIOL 504.

BIOL 405-2. Technology Transfer and Biotechnology.
The purpose of this course is to inform students about the process of technology transfer, from academic discovery and invention, to commercialization of a product. Prer., 60 hours of college level coursework. Meets with BIOL 505.

BIOL 423-3. Injury Prevention and Treatment.
A survey of typical sports-related injuries, their causes, treatment, rehabilitation and prevention. Prer., BIOL 201 and BIOL 202, or consent of instructor.

BIOL 425-3. Evolution.
A comprehensive analysis of the evolutionary history of microbes, plants, and animals including studying the driving forces in the development of molecular pathways, organismic morphology and function. Spring.

BIOL 426-4. Biogeography.
An analysis of plant and animal distributions on a world scale from ecological and historical perspectives. Human impact on vegetation and animals is emphasized. Prer., GES 100 or consent of instructor. Meets with BIOL 526, GES 426 and GES 526.

BIOL 428-4. Mammalogy.
Lecture, lab, and field studies. Origin, evolution and adaptation, geographic distribution, ecology, and taxonomy of mammals; field and laboratory study of Colorado species.

BIOL 429-4. Plant Communities of Colorado.
An examination of plant assemblages in Colorado. Major plant communities will be examined in the context of environmental factors such as climate and landforms. Required field trip. Prer., GES 426 or consent of instructor. Meets with GES 429 and GES 529.

BIOL 430-3. Advanced Nutrition.
A comprehensive study of the energy providing nutrients and how they are metabolized within the human body. This course will provide students with a firm basis of the biochemistry of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Fall. Prer., BIOL 302.

BIOL 431-3. Advanced Immunology.
An advanced course in immunology to follow a junior- senior level introductory immunology course. Prer., BIOL 391.

BIOL 440-4. Plant Physiology.
Lect. and lab. A comprehensive study of plant physiology, emphasizing molecular and cellular aspects of physiology. Laboratory topics will include photosynthesis, water relations, growth regulators, tissue culture and cell transformation. Fall.

BIOL 443-4. Animal Ecology.
Lect., lab., and field. Problems concerned with the distribution of animals and their relations to each other and to their environment are considered. Local ecosystems are visited and sampled with special attention to sampling the animal communities.

BIOL 444-3. Winter Ecology.
An organismic/environmental course exploring the options available to organisms for surviving winter. Includes evolutionary, behavioral and physiological adaptations involved in migration, hibernation and overwintering in temperate environments. Lecture and field trips. Interim.

BIOL 455-3. Biomechanics/Kinesiology.
An introduction to the mechanics of human movement. Includes the application of kinematics, kinetics, hydrodynamics, kinesiology and analytical techniques to human movement. Periodic trips to the International Center for Aquatic Research for analytical methods. Spring. Prer., BIOL 201 and BIOL 202.

BIOL 460-3. Biomechanics of Musculoskeletal Injury.
A comprehensive survey of the biomechanics of musculoskeletal injury. The course explores the various bases of musculoskeletal injury to understand causal mechanisms, effects of injury on tissues, and how biomedical sciences contribute to injury management and prevention. Prer., BIOL 201(Anatomy) or equivalent. Meets with BIOL 560.

BIOL 471-1 to 12. Externship in Biology.
A program of study and learning outside the classroom. Practical exposure to field of interest is intended to provide appropriate experience to a students career orientation. A variety of opportunities exists, and students may explore their own avenues as well. Some externships are in open competition. Students must have departmental permission and completed permission form to register. It is strongly suggested that students interested in this program plan their participation one semester before they plan to enroll. (Note: Externship is to be performed off campus at an institution performing biologically-oriented work, e.g., medical clinics and research laboratories.) Fall, Spring.

BIOL 472-1 to 12. Externship in Biology.
Exercise Science. Fall, Spring.

BIOL 473-1 to 12. Externship in Biology.
Biochemistry. Fall, Spring.

BIOL 474-1 to 12. Externship in Biology.
Biotechnology. Fall, Spring.

BIOL 477-3. Human Metabolism.
An advanced course in exercise physiology/biochemistry. Topics will involve extensive review of the scientific literature. These topics involve a review of current trends in sport science and are designed to give the student a practical application and interpretation of the sports sciences. Spring. Prer., BIOL 330.

BIOL 478-2. DNA Technology for Teachers.
Introduction to elements of DNA technology and genetic engineering. Practical applications to biotechnology. Discussion of safety and ethical issues. Prer., One year of CHEM or BIOL.

BIOL 479-3. Basic Laboratory Methods in Sports Physiology.
A course designed to teach students how to test and evaluate acute and chronic responses and adaptations to exercise. The course is intended to make students proficient in laboratory techniques for assessing human performance primarily from a metabolic standpoint. Fall. Prer., Consent of instructor.

BIOL 480-3. Analytical Methods in Sports Physiology.
A laboratory course designed to teach students techniques used in exercise biochemistry, exercise testing and evaluation of human performance. This course is an extension of Basic Laboratory Methods in Sports Physiology with emphasis in exercise biochemistry. Spring. Prer., Consent of instructor.

BIOL 481-3. General Biochemistry.
Topics include structure, conformation ande, structure and functions of properties of proteins; enzymes; mechanisms and kinetics; intermediary metabolism; carbohydrates, lipids; and amino acids; energetics and metabolic control; and photsyntesis. Fall. Prer., BIOL 302 and CHEM 332. Meets with BIOL 581, CHEM 481, and CHEM 581.

BIOL 482-4. General Biochemistry.
Continuation of BIOL 481/581. Topics include control of metabolic flex through transcriptional and post transcriptional mechanisms, macromolecules; nucleic acids, metabolism of nitrogen-containing compounds; biosynthesis and function of macromolecules including DNA, RNA, and proteins; biochemistry of subcellular systems and special topics. Spring. Prer., Organic Chemistry.

BIOL 484-3. Molecular Biology.
Detailed examination of replication, recombination, transposition, and translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes at the molecular level. Spring. Prer., BIOL 383. Meets with BIOL 584, CHEM 484, and CHEM 584.

BIOL 485-3. Molecular Biology Laboratory.
A laboratory course emphasizing techniques in Molecular Biology, including DNA cloning, and analysis of gene expression. Prer., BIOL 484/584. Meets with BIOL 585.

BIOL 486-3. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory.
Designed to provide laboratory skills and techniques. Experiments are selected to demonstrate principles and application of current techniques and the use of instrumentation. Spectrophotometry, enzymology, centrifugation and electrophoresis are stressed. Spring. Prer., One semester of biochemistry or cell biology and one semester of organic chemistry. Meets with BIOL 586, CHEM 486 and CHEM 586.

BIOL 488-2. Principles of Flow Cytometry.
A comprehensive introduction to the instrumentation, techniques and biological applications of flow cytometry, high speed single cell analysis, and cell sorting. Topics to be studied include light sources, fluidics, fluorescent dyes, data collection and analysis, and applications in biological research and clinical medicine. Prer., Upper division biology major.

BIOL 490-3. Pathobiology.
Designed primarily for the biology major and and pre-health profession students. The course will cover mechanisms of human disease from cellular through organ and systemic pathologies. Major and pertinent health problems will be discussed. Lab demonstrations are primarily from autopsy materials. Spring (odd years). Prer., BIOL 110, BIOL 111, BIOL 115 and BIOL 116. Open to junior, senior or graduate students. Meets with BIOL 590.

BIOL 491-4. Biotechnology I.
Lect. and lab. in Biotechnology; part I of a two semester sequence emphasizing practical techniques in several areas. Instrumentation principles, applied immunology, tissue culture, handling radioisotopes, recombinant DNA, cloning and characterization of genes. Special topics required for graduate credit. Fall. Prer., CHEM 331 and CHEM 332; BIOL 383 and BIOL 481; PES 101 and PES 102, and senior standing or consent of instructor.

BIOL 492-4. Biotechnology II.
Lect. and lab. Continuation of Biotechnology I. Recombinant DNA techniques, methods in microbial genetics. Engineering gene expression. Biomass conversion with engineered microbes. Computer applications, tumor growth modeling. Radioimmune assay of receptors in mammalian cells. Field trips to regional biotechnology companies. Spring. Prer., BIOL 491 and BIOL 591.

BIOL 493-3. Research Practicum in Genetics.
Laboratory course for advanced biology students and graduate students interested in molecular biology, microbial genetics, and biotechnology. Course includes experimental design, laboratory projects, and interpretation and presentation of data from individual projects. Prer., BIOL 484.

BIOL 494-3. Research Practicum in Biochemistry.
Laboratory course for advanced biology students and graduate students interested in biochemistry. Course includes experimental design, laboratory projects, and interpretation and presentation of data from individual projects. Meets 9 hours per week. Prer., BIOL 481, BIOL 482, BIOL 486, and consent of instructor.

BIOL 495-3. Research Practicum in Exercise Physiology.
Laboratory course for advanced biology students and graduate students interested in exercise physiology and nutrition. Course includes experimental design, laboratory projects, and interpretation and presentation of data from individual projects. Meets 9 hours per week. Prer., BIOL 330, BIOL 481, and consent of instructor.

BIOL 496-3. Tumor Biology.
A limited enrollment course that emphasizes the basic science of tumor growth and the clinical approach to cancer treatment. Fall, Spring. Prer., Senior or graduate status and consent of instructor.

BIOL 497-3. Research Practicum in Immunology.
Laboratory course for advanced biology students and graduate students interested in Immunology. Course includes experimental design, laboratory projects, and interpretation and presentation of data from individual projects. Meeting 9 hours per week. Consent of instructor required. Limited enrollment. Prer., BIOL 110, BIOL 111, BIOL 115 and BIOL 116.

BIOL 500-1 to 3. Current Topics in Biology.
Specialized topics of current issues are considered, thus subject matter will change depending upon individual instructors and time of offering. The topic in any given semester will be specified in the semester schedule. May be repeated for credit. Meets with BIOL 400.

BIOL 501-1. Seminar in Biology.
Review and discussion of pertinent research subjects. Students will present seminars. Fall. Prer., Senior or graduate standing.

BIOL 503-3. Health and Fitness.
A review of exercise prescription and health evaluation techniques including a special section on nutrition. Prer., BIOL 201 and BIOL 202.

BIOL 504-3. Computer Skills for Biologists.
The goal of this course is to train biologists to use and understand some of the methods currently employed by computational (molecular) biologists. Additionally, students will be taught how to solve biological problems with the PERL programming language. Prer., BIOL 110 and BIOL 115. Meets with BIOL 404.

BIOL 505-2. Technology Transfer and Biotechnology.
The purpose of this course is to inform students about the process of Technology Transfer, from academic discovery and invention, to commercialization of a product. Prer., Bachelors degree. Meets with BIOL 405.

BIOL 523-3. Injury Prevention and Treatment.
A survey of typical sports related injuries, their causes, treatment, rehabilitation and prevention. Prer: BIOL 201 and BIOL 202 or consent of instructor.

BIOL 526-4. Biogeography.
An examination of the distribution of the life on the Earths surface. The relationship between environmental factors and plant and animal distributions will be the central theme. Changes in distributions through time will also be examined. Required field trip. Prer., GES 100 or consent of instructor. Meets with BIOL 426, GES 426 and GES 526.

BIOL 530-3. Advanced Exercise Physiology.
Lect. Advanced treatment of physiological mechanisms underlying the bodys responses to varying muscular and environmental stresses. Prer., BIOL 430 or consent of instructor.

BIOL 531-3. Advanced Immunology.
An advanced course in Immunology to follow a junior- senior level introductory Immunology course. Prer., BIOL 391. Meets with BIOL 431.

BIOL 544-2. Genetics Laboratory.
Laboratory course designed to illustrate concepts of genetics as described in lecture (BIOL 383). Hands-on laboratory with emphasis on molecular techniques. Prer., BIOL 383 Genetics or concurrent enrollment.

BIOL 555-3. Biomechanics/Kinesiology.
An introduction to the mechanics of human movement. Includes the application of kinematics, kinetics, hydrodynamics, kinesiology and analytical techniques to human movement. Periodic trips to the International Center for Aquatic Research for analytical methods. Spring. Prer., BIOL 201 and BIOL 202.

BIOL 560-3. Biomechanics of Musculoskeletal Injury.
A comprehensive survey of the biomechanics of musculoskeletal injury. The course explores the various bases of musculoskeletal injury to understand causal mechanisms, effects of injury on tissues, and how biomedical sciences contribute to injury management and prevention. Prer., BIOL 201(Anatomy) or equivalent. Meets with BIOL 460.

BIOL 571-1 to 12. Externship in Biology.
A program of study and learning outside the classroom. Practical exposure to field of interest is intended to provide appropriate experience to a students career orientation. A variety of opportunities exists, and students may explore their own avenues as well. Some externships are in open competition. Students must have departmental permission and completed permission form to register. It is strongly suggested that students interested in this program plan their participation one semester before they plan to enroll. (Note: Externship is to be performed off campus at an institution performing biologically-oriented work, e.g., medical clinics and research laboratories.) Fall, Spring.

BIOL 572-1 to 12. Externship in Biology.
Exercise Science. Fall, Spring.

BIOL 573-1 to 12. Externship in Biology.
Biochemistry. Fall, Spring.

BIOL 574-1 to 12. Externship in Biology.
Biotechnology. Fall, Spring.

BIOL 577-3. Human Metabolism.
An advanced course in exercise physiology/biochemistry. Topics will involve extensive review of the scientific literature. These topics involve a review of current trends in sports science and are designed to give the student a practical application and interpretation of the sports sciences. Spring. Prer., BIOL 330.

BIOL 578-2. DNA Technology for Teachers.
Introduction to elements of DNA technology and genetic engineering. Practical applications to biotechnology. Discussion of safety and ethical issues. Prer., One year of CHEM or BIOL.

BIOL 579-3. Basic Laboratory Methods in Sports Physiology.
A course designed to teach students how to test and evaluate acute and chronic responses and adaptations to exercise. The course is intended to make students proficient in laboratory techniques for assessing human performance primarily from a metabolic standpoint. Spring. Prer., Consent of instructor.

BIOL 580-3. Analytical Methods in Sports Physiology.
A laboratory course designed to teach students techniques used in exercise biochemistry, exercise testing and evaluation of human performance. This course is an extension of Basic Laboratory Methods in Sports Physiology with emphasis in exercise biochemistry. Spring. Prer., Consent of instructor.

BIOL 581-3. General Biochemistry.
(CHEM 481) Lect. Topics include structure, conformation, and structure and functions of properties of proteins; enzymes; mechanisms and kinetics; intermediary metabolism; carbohydrates, lipids; and amino acids; energetics and metabolic control; and photosynthesis. Fall. Prer., Organic chemistry or consent of instructor. Meets with BIOL 481, CHEM 481 and CHEM 581.

BIOL 582-4. General Biochemistry.
Continuation of BIOL 481/581. Topics include control of metabolic flex through transcriptional and post transcriptional mechanisms, macromolecules; nucleic acids, metabolism of nitrogen-containing compounds; biosynthesis and function of macromolecules including DNA, RNA, and proteins; biochemistry of subcellular systems and special topics. Spring. Prer., Organic Chemistry.

BIOL 584-3. Molecular Biology.
Detailed examination of replication, recombination, transposition, transcription and translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes at the molecular level. Spring. Prer., BIOL 383. Meets with BIOL 484, CHEM 484, and CHEM 584.

BIOL 585-3. Molecular Biology Laboratory.
A laboratory course emphasizing techniques in molecular biology, including DNA cloning, and analysis of gene expression. Prer., BIOL 484/584. Meets with BIOL 485.

BIOL 586-3. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory.
Designed to provide laboratory skills and techniques. Experiments are selected to demonstrate principles and application of current techniques and the use of instrumentation. Spectrophotometry, enzymology, centrifugation and electrophoresis are stressed. Spring. Prer., One semester of biochemistry or cell biology and one semester of organic chemistry. Meets with BIOL 486, CHEM 486, CHEM 586.

BIOL 587-3. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Lipids and Membranes.
An in-depth look at the structure and function of acyl and prenyl lipids (e.g. phospholipids and cholesterol) in biology. Focus on lipid synthesis and metabolism and their roles in signal transduction and membrane physiology, emphasis on biomedical ramifications of triacylglycerol, cholesterol and prostaglandin homeostatsis in humans. Prer., BIOL 481/581 or BIOL 482/582.

BIOL 588-2. Principles of Flow Cytometry.
A comprehensive introduction to the instrumentation, techniques and biological applications of flow cytometry, high speed single cell analysis and cell sorting. Topics to be studied include light sources, fluidics, fluorescent dyes, data collection and analysis, and applications in biological research and clinical medicine. Summer. Prer., Consent of instructor.

BIOL 589-3. Advanced Flow Cytometry.
A seminar and laboratory course for in-depth study of flow cytometric techniques and applications. Topics to be studied include detection and quantitation in single cells of nucleic acids and other nuclear, cytoplasmic and cell surface macromolecules with emphasis on oncology and immunobiology. Fall, Spring. Prer., BIOL 488/588.

BIOL 590-3. Pathobiology.
Designed primarily for the biology major and and pre-health profession students. The course will cover mechanisms of human disease from cellular through organ and systemic pathologies. Major and pertinent health problems will be discussed. Lab materials are primarily from autopsy materials. Spring (odd years). Prer., BIOL 110, BIOL 111, BIOL 115 and BIOL 116. Open to junior, senior or graduate students. Meets with BIOL 490.

BIOL 591-4. Biotechnology I.
Lect. and lab. in Biotechnology; part I of a two semester sequence emphasizing practical techniques in several areas. Instrumentation principles, applied immunology, tissue culture, handling radioisotopes, recombinant DNA, cloning and characterization of genes. Special topics required for graduate credit. Fall. Prer., CHEM 331 and CHEM 332; BIOL 383 and BIOL 481; PES 101 and PES 102; senior standing or consent of instructor.

BIOL 592-4. Biotechnology II.
Lect. and lab. Continuation of Biotechnology I. Recombinant DNA techniques, methods in microbial genetics. Engineering gene expression. Biomass conversion with engineered microbes. Computer applications, tumor growth modeling. Radioimmune assay of receptors in mammalian cells. Field trips to regional biotechnology companies. Spring. Prer., BIOL 491 and BIOL 591.

BIOL 636-2. Advanced Biomechanics.
An advanced study of biomechanics. Includes methods of smoothing raw data, joint force and torque calculations, three-dimensional theory and kinematics and kinetics in three dimensions. Prer., Consent of instructor.

BIOL 693-3. Research Practicum in Genetics.
Laboratory course for advanced biology students and graduate students interested in molecular biology, microbial genetics, and biotechnology. Course includes experimental design, laboratory projects, and interpretation and presentation of data from individual projects. Prer., BIOL 484.

BIOL 694-3. Research Practicum in Biochemistry.
Laboratory course for advanced biology students and graduate students interested in biochemistry. Course includes experimental design, laboratory projects, and interpretation and presentation of data from individual projects. Meets 9 hours per week. Prer., BIOL 481, BIOL 482, BIOL 486, and consent of instructor.

BIOL 695-3. Research Practicum in Exercise Physiology.
Laboratory course for advanced biology students and graduate students interested in exercise physiology and nutrition. Course includes experimental design, laboratory projects, and interpretation and presentation of data from individual projects. Meets 9 hours per week. Prer., BIOL 330, BIOL 481 and consent of instructor.

BIOL 696-3. Tumor Biology.
A limited enrollment course that emphasizes the basic science of tumor growth and the clinical approach to cancer treatment. Fall, Spring. Prer., Senior or graduate status and consent of instructor.

BIOL 700-1 to 6. Masters Thesis.

BIOL 940 to 948-1 to 3. Independent Study in Biology.
Advanced students (usually seniors) are encouraged to pursue independent research in some specific area or problem where extensive reference to biological literature on that subject is available. Also encouraged is the design and execution of original research, either in the laboratory or field, that bears on the problem being considered. Prior to being admitted to this course, the student must submit an acceptable written proposal of the area or problem to be studied to the faculty member (selected by the student) who supervises the effort. Students must have consent of instructor and completed permission forms to register. Fall, Spring, Summer.

BIOL 941-1 to 3. Independent Study in Biochemistry.
Advanced students (usually seniors) are encouraged to pursue independent research in some specific area or problem where extensive reference to biological literature on that subject is available. Also encouraged is the design and execution of original research, either in the laboratory or field, that bears on the problem being considered. Prior to being admitted to this course, the student must submit an acceptable written proposal of the area or problem to be studied to the faculty member (selected by the student) who supervises the effort. Students must have consent of instructor and completed permission forms to register.

BIOL 942-1 to 3. Independent Study in Micro Genetics.
Advanced students (usually seniors) are encouraged to pursue independent research in some specific area or problem where extensive reference to biological literature on that subject is available. Also encouraged is the design and execution of original research, either in the laboratory or field, that bears on the problem being considered. Prior to being admitted to this course, the student must submit an acceptable written proposal of the area or problem to be studied to the faculty member (selected by the student) who supervises the effort. Students must have consent of instructor and completed permission forms to register.

BIOL 943-1 to 3. Independent Study in Exercise Science.
Advanced students are encouraged to pursue independent research in some specific area or problem where extensive reference to biological literature on that subject is available. Also encouraged is the design and execution of original research, either in the laboratory or field, that bears on the problem being considered. Prior to being admitted to this course the student must submit an acceptable written table proposal of the area or problem to be studied to the faculty member who supervises the effort. Students must have consent of instructor and completed permission forms to register.

BIOL 944-1 to 3. Independent Study in Plant Molecular Biology.
Advanced students (usually seniors) are encouraged to pursue independent research in some specific area or problem where extensive reference to biological literature on that subject is available. Also encouraged is the design and execution of original research, either in the laboratory or field, that bears the problem being considered. Prior to being admitted to this course, the student must submit an acceptable written proposal of the area or problem to be studied to the faculty member (selected by the student) who supervises the effort. Students must have consent of instructor and completed permission forms to register. Meets with BIOL 954.

BIOL 945-1 to 6. Independent Study in Biochem Genetics.

BIOL 946-1 to 3. Independent Study in Tumor Biology.
Advanced students (usually seniors) are encouraged to pursue independent research in some specific area or problem where extensive reference to biological literature on that subject is available. Also encouraged is the design and execution of original research, either in the laboratory or field, that bears on the problem being considered. Prior to being admitted to this course, the student must submit an acceptable written proposal of the area or problem to be studied to the faculty member (selected by the student) who supervises the effort. Students must have consent of instructor and completed permission forms to register.

BIOL 947-1 to 3. Independent Study Organismic Biology.
Advanced students (usually seniors) are encouraged to pursue independent research in some specific area or problem where extensive reference to biological literature on that subject is available. Also encouraged is the design and execution of original research, either in the laboratory or field, that bears on the problem being considered. Prior to being admitted to this course, the student must submit an acceptable written proposal of the area or problem to be studied to the faculty member (selected by the student) who supervises the effort. Students must have consent of instructor and completed permission forms to register.

BIOL 949-3. Senior Thesis.
For advanced students who wish to pursue independent research for honors standing in biology. Description follows that for Independent Study in Biology (BIOL 941 and 942). The course involves four phases: 1) A proposal must be submitted including a statement of the research goal, materials and methods, review of pertinent literature, and anticipated results. The proposal will be reviewed for acceptability; 2) Research must be carried out; 3) The thesis as a write-up of research should be in the form of a scholarly publication and will be reviewed for acceptability; 4) A seminar on the research must be presented to faculty and students in biology. It is strongly suggested that students initiate their work at the start of the last semester of their junior year. Fall, Spring.

BIOL 950 to 958-1 to 3. Independent Study in Biology.
Same as BIOL 940-948 and to be performed at the graduate level. Fall, Spring, Summer.

BIOL 951-1 to 3. Independent Study in Biochemistry.

BIOL 952-1 to 3. Independent Study in Micro Genetics.

BIOL 953-1 to 3. Independent Study in Exercise Science.
Advanced students are encouraged to pursue independent research in some specific area or problem where extensive reference to biological literature on that subject is available. Also encouraged is the design and execution of original research, either in the laboratory or field, that bears on the problem being considered. Prior to being admitted to this course the student must submit an acceptable written proposal of the area or problem to be studied to the faculty member who supervises the effort. Students must have consent of instructor and completed permission forms to register.

BIOL 954-1 to 3. Independent Study in Plant Molecular Biology.
Meets with BIOL 944.

BIOL 955-1 to 3. Independent Study in Biochem Genetics.

BIOL 956-1 to 3. Independent Study in Tumor Biology.

BIOL 957-1 to 3. Independent Study in Exercise Physiology.

BIOL 958-1 to 3. Independent Study in Cell Physiology/ End.

BIOL 959-1 to 3. Independent Study Senior Thesis.

BIOL 999-0. Candidate for Degree.

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Chemistry

CHEM 100-3. Chemistry in the Modern World.
Lecture. A brief introduction to chemical principles and study of their application to biochemical materials and processes, consumer chemistry, energy problems, air and water pollution and toxic chemicals. This course may be taken with or without the lab course CHEM 110. Counts towards fulfillment of the LAS natural science area requirement.

CHEM 101-4. Introduction to Chemistry.
Lecture and Recitation. This is a first-semester course in chemistry with an emphasis on principles and practical applications. The course is designed for two groups of individuals. Paramedical majors and nursing students comprise one of these groups. The second group will be made up of students who are required to take CHEM 103 but who have not had a high school chemistry course or who have inadequate backgrounds. Students who have not taken algebra in high school or college should take an algebra course before taking CHEM 101. The course covers measurements, matter, atoms, bonding, energy, phases of matter, acid-base and redox reactions, solutions, equilibria, electrolytes, inorganic and nuclear reactions. Counts towards fulfillment of the LAS natural science area requirement. Prer., One year of high school algebra.

CHEM 102-4. Introduction to Organic and Biochemistry.
Lecture, recitation, and lab. This is the second part of a one year course and should be taken after completion of CHEM 101. Students who are required to take CHEM 103-106 should not take both 101 and 102. The course includes a survey of organic functional group and biochemical reactions. A large emphasis is placed on structure and function of organic and biomolecules. Prer., CHEM 101 with a grade of C or higher.

CHEM 103-5. General Chemistry I.
Lecture, recitation, and lab. A first college-level chemistry course for students with adequate high school chemistry. Emphasis on the structure and composition of matter: elements and compounds, atoms and molecules, and states of matter including solutions. Students having marginal mathematics backgrounds are advised to solidify their mathematics proficiencies before taking this course. To proceed to CHEM 106 a grade of C is necessary. Counts towards fulfillment of the LAS natural science area requirement. Prer., 1 year high school chemistry and 2 years high school math.

CHEM 106-5. General Chemistry II.
Lecture, recitation, and lab. This is the second course of the general chemistry sequence. Emphasis is on acid-base and solution chemistry, equilibria, kinetics, redox chemistry, transition metal chemistry, nuclear chemistry and organic chemistry. Counts towards fulfillment of the LAS natural science area requirement. Prer., CHEM 103 with a grade of C or higher.

CHEM 108-1. Introduction to Chemistry Lab Research.
Research methodology in chemistry is introduced by conducting an investigation involving the synthesis and determination of the physical and chemical properties of a series of metal coordination compounds of acetylacetone and its analogies. Concurrent enrollment in CHEM 106 required.

CHEM 110-1. Chemistry in the Modern World Laboratory.
When taken along with CHEM 100, these courses count toward fulfillment of the LAS natural science requirement and lab requirement. Experiments have been chosen that illustrate the principles discussed in the lecture. Prer., Concurrent registration in CHEM 100 or prior completion of CHEM 100. Satisfies the LAS natural science laboratory requirement.

CHEM 115-4. Preparatory Chemistry.
Preparatory chemistry lecture and lab for students who have not taken high school chemistry. Prepares students for general chemistry (CHEM 103-106). Credit is granted only if no other college chemistry credits have been earned. Does not count towards the LAS natural science area requirement. Prer., One year high school algebra or concurrent enrollment in MATH 104. For students with little or no chemistry background in preparation for CHEM 103.

CHEM 121-3. Introduction to Physical Science.
An integrated presentation of the basic concepts of physics and chemistry for non-science majors. Topics include motion, heat, sound, light, atomic and molecular structure, chemical reactions, acids and bases, and radioactivity. Counts towards fulfillment of the LAS natural science area requirement. Prer., Two years of high school mathematics. Meets with PES 121.

CHEM 124-1. Physical Science Laboratory.
A laboratory to accompany CHEM/PES 121. Includes experiments on mechanics, heat, sound, light, electricity, chemical reactions, stoichiometry, acid- based chemistry, and reaction kinetics. Counts towards fulfillment of the LAS natural science area requirement. Meets with PES 124.

CHEM 151-3. Environmental Science.
Introduction to atomic molecular structure and to biological structure and function. Environmental contaminants in air and their reactions, water quality and its analysis, wastewater treatment, the ecology of natural systems and genetic adaptation. Counts towards fulfillment of the LAS natural science area requirement. Meets with BIOL 151.

CHEM 153-1. Environmental Science Laboratory.
This lab is to designed to accompany BIOL 151 and CHEM 151. Counts towards fulfillment of the LAS natural science area requirement. Meets with BIOL 153.

CHEM 301-3. Materials Science.
Lecture. An introductory development of the physical and chemical properties of materials, including metals, alloys, ceramics, polymers, and composite materials. Intended for science and engineering students. Prer., Grades of C or higher in CHEM 106, PES 111 and MATH 135, or permission of the instructor.

CHEM 330-3. Organic Chemistry.
Lecture for biology majors and non-chemistry majors taking only one semester of organic chemistry. This is a survey of organic nomenclature, structure, preparations, and reactions. The course includes bio-organic topics, such as carbohydrates, peptides, and proteins, as well as a general introduction to important functional groups. Fall semester. Prer., CHEM 106 with a grade of C or higher. Students must also enroll concurrently for the lab course, CHEM 340.

CHEM 331-3. Organic Chemistry I.
For biochemistry option and non-chemistry majors. Topics include structure and reactions of alkanes, alkenes and alkyl halides. Organic nomenclature stereochemistry, reaction mechanisms and kinetics. Prer., Grade of B or higher in CHEM 106. Concurrent registration for CHEM 333 or CHEM 337 required.

CHEM 332-3. Organic Chemistry II.
For biochemistry option and non-chemistry majors. Topics include structure and reactions of alcohols, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketones, amines, aromatic compounds, heterocycles, sugars and amino acids. Emphasis is on organic synthesis and reaction mechanisms. Prer., CHEM 331 and either 333 or 337 with grades of B or higher.

CHEM 333-2. Organic Chemistry Laboratory I.
For biochemistry option and non-chemistry majors. Instruction of experimental techniques of modern organic chemistry including microscale techniques. Emphasis is also on reactions of alkenes, alkynes, alkyl halides and on stereochemical modeling. Prer., Grade of C or higher in CHEM 106.

CHEM 334-2. Organic Chemistry Laboratory II.
For biochemistry option and non-chemistry majors. Emphasis is on spectroscopic techniques and on syntheses of alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids and their derivatives. Prer., CHEM 331 and 333 with grades of C or higher. Students must register for lecture and lab. Coreq., CHEM 332.

CHEM 337-2. Practical Organic Chemistry I.
An introduction to organic laboratory methods for chemistry majors. Prer., Grade of C or higher in CHEM 106. Coreq., CHEM 331.

CHEM 338-2. Practical Organic Chemistry II.
Laboratory. An introduction to organic, synthetic and spectroscopic methods for chemistry for chemistry majors. Prer., CHEM 331 and CHEM 337 with grades of C or higher. To be taken concurrently with CHEM 332.

CHEM 340-2. Organic Chemistry Laboratory.
Laboratory for biology majors and non-chemistry majors. Lab section to accompany CHEM 330. Instruction in experimental techniques, organic synthesis, analysis, and spectroscopy. Fall semester. Prer. or Coreq., CHEM 330. Laboratory course to be taken concurrently with CHEM 330.

CHEM 341-3. Environmental Chemistry.
An in-depth survey and discussion of problems of the environment from a chemical point of view. Air, water, land, pollution, and their effect on the ecology of living organisms. Prer., CHEM 106 with grade of C or higher.

CHEM 395-3. Cooperative Education in Chemistry.
Students arrange a program with appropriate faculty members through the auspices of local government or industrial facilities. The program will generally require independent laboratory and/or literature work, resulting in a report or series of reports.

CHEM 401-3. Modern Inorganic Chemistry.
An introduction to the physical inorganic concepts of modern inorganic chemistry. Topics include atomic structure and periodic properties, ionic and covalent bonding and a survey of inorganic main group reactions. Prer., One year of organic chemistry, CHEM 331-332, with grade of C or higher.

CHEM 402-4. Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory.
A detailed study of structure, characterization and synthesis of transition metal complexes. Laboratory demonstrates appropriate examples of synthesis and characterization techniques. Prer., CHEM 401 and CHEM 451 with grades of C or higher.

CHEM 405-1 to 4. Topics in Chemistry.
Examination of selected topics in chemistry in lecture, seminar and/or laboratory format. Topic will change according to the interest of the instructor and students. Students may repeat the course for credit when the topic changes. Consult the schedule of courses for topic.

CHEM 411-3. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.
Lecture and lab. Theory and practice of advanced techniques in NMR spectroscopy including complex spectra, double resonance, paramagnetic systems, and rate-processes.

CHEM 417-4. Analytical Chemistry I.
Lecture and lab. Emphasis is on chemical equilibrium, quantitative analysis by means of titration, spectrophotometry, electrode potentials, and analytical separation techniques. Prer., Grade of C or higher in CHEM 106.

CHEM 418-3. Analytical Chemistry II.
Emphasis is on instrumental methods of analysis, including spectral, electranalytical and separations methods. Prer., PES 112, CHEM 417 with grades of C or higher and concurrent enrollment or completion of CHEM 452. Coreq., CHEM 420.

CHEM 420-2. Practical Instrumental Analysis.
Laboratory work in instrumental methods of analysis, including spectrochemical, electroanalytical and chromatographic techniques. Prer., CHEM 417 and CHEM 452. Coreq., CHEM 418.

CHEM 451-3. Physical Chemistry I.
The application of thermodynamics to phase changes, chemical reactions and electrochemical cells. The rates and mechanics of chemical reactions. Prer., Grades of C or higher in PES 112, PES 115, MATH 136 and CHEM 332.

CHEM 452-3. Physical Chemistry II.
The application of quantum mechanics to atomic and molecular structure and spectra. The application of statistical mechanics to the prediction of thermodynamic properties. Transition state theory of reaction rate. Prer., CHEM 451 with a grade of C or higher. Coreq., CHEM 454 or CHEM 455.

CHEM 454-1. Experimental Physical Chemistry.
Laboratory. Error analysis and experiments in thermodynamics and kinetics. Prer., CHEM 417 and CHEM 451 with grades of C or higher. Coreq., CHEM 452. Meets with CHEM 455.

CHEM 455-2. Experimental Physical Chemistry.
Laboratory. Instruction in the experimental techniques of modern physical chemistry with emphasis on experiments illustrating the fundamental principles of chemical thermodynamics, quantum chemistry and chemical kinetics for BS chemistry majors. Prer., CHEM 417 and CHEM 451 with grades of C or higher. Meets in part with CHEM 454.

CHEM 456-3. Surface Chemistry.
A study of the physical chemistry of surfaces and interfaces. Topics will include interfacial tension, wetting, monolayers, adsorption, heterogeneous catalysis, surface diffusion, kinetics of phase transformations, electrocapillarity, and the characterization of solid surfaces. Prer., CHEM 452 (for chemistry majors); or PES 213 and either PES 340 or PES 342 (for physics and engineering majors). Meets with CHEM 556.

CHEM 481-3. General Biochemistry.
Lecture. Topics include structure, conformation, and structure and functions of properties of proteins; enzymes; mechanisms and kinetics; intermediary metabolism; carbohydrates; lipids; and amino acids; energetics and metabolic control; and photosynthesis. Fall. Prer., BIOL 302 and CHEM 332. Meets with CHEM 581, BIOL 481, BIOL 581.

CHEM 482-4. Biochemistry II.
Lecture. Continuation of CHEM 481. Topics include control of metabolic flex through transcriptional and post transcriptional mechanisms, macromolecules; nucleic acids, metabolism of nitrogen-containing compounds; biosynthesis and function of macromolecules including DNA, RNA, and proteins; biochemistry of subcellular systems and special topics. Prer., Organic Chemistry. Meets with CHEM 582, BIOL 482, BIOL 582.

CHEM 476-3. Biochemistry Principles.
A comprehensive one semester introduction to cells, proteins, catalysis; metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and nitrogen compounds; and storage and utilization of genetic information. Prer., BIOL 110, BIOL 111 and CHEM 332.

CHEM 484-3. Molecular Biology.
Detailed examination of replication, recombination, transposition, transcription and translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes at the molecular level. Spring. Prer., BIOL 383. Meets with CHEM 584, BIOL 484, and BIOL 584.

CHEM 486-3. Biochemistry Laboratory.
Designed to provide laboratory skills and techniques. Experiments are selected to demonstrate principles and application of current techniques and the use of instrumentation. Spectrophotometry, enzymology, centrifugation and electrophoresis are stressed. Prer., One semester of biochemistry or cell biology and one semester of organic chemistry. Meets with CHEM 586, BIOL 486, BIOL 586.

CHEM 495-1. Chemistry Seminar I.
A capstone course designed to familiarize students with the chemical literature and to allow for ten to thirty presentations. Prer., CHEM 332 and either CHEM 417 or CHEM 451.

CHEM 496-1. Chemistry Seminar II.
A capstone course designed to familiarize students with the chemical literature and to allow for formal presentations. Prer., CHEM 495.

CHEM 511-3. NMR Spectroscopy.
Lecture and lab. Theory and practice of advanced techniques in NMR Spectroscopy including complex spectra, double resonance, paramagnetic systems, rate process and one and two-dimensional pulse methods. Meets with CHEM 411.

CHEM 517-3. Electrochemistry.
Electrochemical methods of analysis, analytical instrumentation. Topics will include redox thermodynamics and kinetics, electrochemical techniques, and modern applications. Prer., Physical chemistry with a grade of C or higher.

CHEM 518-3. Chromatography and Analysis.
Lecture and labs. Analytical separation processes with special reference to theory and practice of liquid and gas chromatography. Analysis methods include mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Prer., Undergraduate physical chemistry and instrumental methods of analysis.

CHEM 531-3. Advanced Organic Chemistry I.
Lecture. Survey of organic chemistry including mechanistic and synthetic organic chemistry. Prer., One year of organic chemistry with a grade of C or higher.

CHEM 532-3. Advanced Organic Chemistry II.
Lecture. Modern concepts of physical organic chemistry and their use in interpreting data in terms of mechanisms or organic reactions and reactivities of organic compounds. Prer., One year of organic chemistry and CHEM 451 with grades of C or higher.

CHEM 556-3. Surface Chemistry.
A study of the physical chemistry of surfaces and interfaces. Topics include interfacial tension, wetting, monolayers, adsorption, heterogeneous catalysis, surface diffusion, kinetics of phase transformations, electrocapillarity, and the characterization of solid surfaces. Meets with CHEM 456.

CHEM 581-3. Advanced General Biochemistry.
Lecture. Topics include structure, conformation, and structure and functions of properties of proteins; enzymes; mechanisms and kinetics; intermediary metabolism; carbohydrates, lipids; and amino acids; energetics and metabolic control; and photosynthesis. Fall. Prer., Organic chemistry or consent of instructor. Meets with CHEM 481, BIOL 481, BIOL 581.

CHEM 582-4. Biochemistry II.
Lecture. Continuation of CHEM 581. Topics include control of metabolic flex through transcriptional and post transcriptional mechanisms, macromolecules; nucleic acids, metabolism of nitrogen-containing compounds; biosynthesis and function of macromolecules including DNA, RNA, and proteins; biochemistry of subcellular systems and special topics. Spring. Prer., Organic Chemistry. Meets with CHEM 482, BIOL 482, BIOL 582.

CHEM 584-3. Molecular Biology.
Detailed examination of replication, recombination, transposition, transcription and translation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes at the molecular level. Spring. Prer., BIOL 383. Meets with CHEM 484, BIOL 484, and BIOL 584.

CHEM 586-3. Biochemistry Laboratory.
Designed to provide laboratory skills and techniques. Experiments are selected to demonstrate principles and application of current techniques and the use of instrumentation. Spectrophotometry, enzymology, centrifugation and electrophoresis are stressed. Spring. Prer., One semester of biochemistry or cell biology and one semester of organic chemistry. Meets with CHEM 486, BIOL 486 and BIOL 586.

CHEM 700-1 to 6. Masters Thesis.

CHEM 940-1 to 3. Independent Study in Chemistry.
Undergraduate. Consent of instructor required. For upper-division students.

CHEM 950-1 TO 3. INDEPENDENT STUDY IN CHEMISTRY - Graduate.

CHEM 999-0. Candidate for Degree.

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Communications

COMM 100-3. Contemporary Mass Media.
Examines the mass media and their interaction with society, looking at journalism and the mass media in historical, intellectual, political, and social contexts. Same as Journalism 100. (Pre-journalism students should register for JOUR 100). Meets with JOUR 100.

COMM 102-3. Interpersonal Communication.
A lecture-discussion-recitation approach to communication theory and its applications in everyday communication. Intended to give students a point of view and certain basic knowledge that will help them become better communicators regardless of their fields of specialization.

COMM 103-3. Principles of Communication.
A study of human communication from its classical foundations in Aristotelian rhetoric through contemporary interpersonal theory. Emphasis include basic models of communication and approaches to communication as a discipline. Contemporary theoretical considerations include current interpersonal research in such areas as person perception, attraction, and conflict. Prer., COMM 102.

COMM 111-3. Introduction to Leadership.
An introductory exploration of the relationship between leadership theory and practice. The course examines both foundational and emerging leadership paradigms to provide the student a basic understanding of leadership.

COMM 201-3. Oral Communication in the Workplace.
Designed to develop and enhance oral communication skills in business and professional settings. Course includes four components: a) basics of business communication, including emphasis on diversity; b) interpersonal skills, including listening and job interviewing; c) working in groups, including problem solving and effective meetings; and d) preparing and delivering effective business presentations.

COMM 210-3. Public Speaking.
A lecture-recitation approach to the basic principles of speechmaking. Intended to give students basic information for the preparation and delivery of a variety of public presentations.

COMM 215-3. Male/Female Communication.
A lecture-discussion approach to the study of contemporary theories and research in male/female communication. The course will involve reading and discussion in such areas as gender differences in self-perception, social and media images of men and women, language usage and nonverbal behavior differences between genders. Prer., COMM 102. Meets with WMST 215.

COMM 224-3. Introduction to Organizational Communication.
An introduction to models of human communication and definitions of organizational communication with emphasis on communication process, information flow, individual communication roles and group process for problem solving and decision making: introduction to auditing. Prer., COMM 102 and COMM 103.

COMM 225-3. Introduction to Film and Video.
A study of the principles and techniques of film-making, including practical experience in planning, shooting, lighting, editing, and sound mixing. The study of film as visual language will be integrated with experience and making short video production.

COMM 227-3. Beginning Television Production.
An introductory course in creative television production. Course is geared toward developing the writing, directing, and production skills necessary to make intelligent and imaginative programs in a variety of basic formats. Designed for majors and nonmajors, includes lecture and lab.

COMM 250-3. Research Methods.
Introduction to the nature of social scientific method methods including research design, measurement, survey methods and introductory statistics. Prer., I D 105.

COMM 260-3. Family Communication.
The role of communication in long-term relationships as found in families. It is a descriptive approach designed to provide an understanding of the extent to which communication affects and is affected by the family.

COMM 290-3. Writing for the Media.
Fundamentals of news gathering and writing, news story forms. Assignments include reportorial work for campus publications. Meets with JOUR 290.

COMM 310-3. Directing Studio Performance.
Overview of directing studio and location performance using multicamera, videotape, and/or film formats. Observation and hands-on approach to basic performance techniques in news and entertainment programs.

COMM 315-3. Communication Competency in Groups and Teams.
Theory and practice in group discussion processes, decision making, and participant and laboratory. Prer., COMM 102 or consent of instructor.

COMM 323-3. Nonverbal Communication.
Consists of the study of nonverbal communication through proxemics, kinesics, physical appearance, and paralanguage as well as an application of nonverbal communication theory to work, group, and home settings.

COMM 324-3. Business and Professional Communication.
Theory and practice in oral and written communication competency for business and the professions. Topics include presentational speaking, business writing, interpersonal communication in organizations, small group process and the role of the leader-manager, and communication trends in business organizations of the future. Prer., COMM 102 and COMM 224.

COMM 327-3. Intermediate Television Production.
A study advancing the principles and techniques of television production to include extended experiences doing multicamera studio productions, with an introduction to electronic field production techniques. Topics include production planning and procedures, directing, lighting, and editing. Lecture and lab. Prer., COMM 225 and COMM 227.

COMM 328-3. Intercultural Communication.
An examination of the philosophy, process, problems, and potentials unique to communication across cultural boundaries. Implications for personal and social innovations. Comparative study in communication in selected cultures.

COMM 330-3. Scriptwriting.
A course in writing for non-print media. Students will learn key elements of fiction and non-fictional media formats, story structures, and exposition. Prer., JOUR/COMM 290, COMM 225, and COMM 227.

COMM 344-3. Leadership Communication.
An examination of contemporary theories and research pertaining to the communication of leadership in interpersonal, group, organizational, and societal settings, including consideration of the nature of power, vision, and creativity in leadership. Prer., COMM 102.

COMM 350-3. American Cinema.
An introductory film course surveying American cinema as art, industry, and system of representation and communication. Students acquire knowledge of film history and genres, technical and critical vocabulary terms, and how popular genres extend to broader social context. Meets with FILM 350.

COMM 365-3. Mass Media and Society.
The interrelationships among mass media, society, and communication are explored. The theoretical foundations of mass communication are delineated.

COMM 400-3. Rhetorical Dimensions in Communication.
The theory of oral discourse is examined in light of classical thought and practice, historical development, and modern rhetorical processes. Prer., COMM 102 and COMM 103.

COMM 410-3. Advanced Public Speaking.
Advanced exploration of the theory, preparation, delivery and evaluation of public speeches. Prer., COMM 210 or equivalent. Meets with COMM 510.

COMM 415-3. Communication for the Classroom Teacher.
This course is intended to be both theoretical and practical in nature and will provide teachers and prospective teachers the rationale for using appropriate communication strategies in the classroom. It will include methods for analysis, development, and facilitation of teachers and their students communication behaviors. Meets with COMM 515.

COMM 420-3. Persuasion.
The theory of motivation and change as it operates in individuals and groups, consideration of attitudes, beliefs, values, credibility, message variables, ethic ethics, and effects. Analysis of persuasive campaigns.

COMM 422-3. Creative Communication.
Exploration of the relationship between creativity and communication. Topics include: theories and models of creativity and language, the creative process in groups and organizations, and creative influence. Meets with COMM 522.

COMM 424-3. Advanced Organizational Communication.
Major perspectives for the study of organizational communication, communication auditing procedures, and communication training and development practices. Prer., COMM 102, COMM 224, COMM 324, and COMM 250. Meets with COMM 524.

COMM 425-3. Advanced Interpersonal Communication: Conflict Management.
A lecture-discussion approach to the study of contemporary theories and research in conflict. Course will involve reading and discussion of both original research reports and secondary sources in such areas as perception, destructive communication, manipulative communication, and communication in developing and terminating relationships. Prer., COMM 102.

COMM 426-3. Organizational Communication in the Global Environment.
Theory-based examination of virtual and changing organizational forms, international/intercultural communication, telemediated organizational communication, and legal issues in communication in the workplace. Course additionally prepares students for both technical and human proficiencies necessary for the workplace of the future. Prer., COMM 224.

COMM 427-3. Advanced Television Production.
Studio and advisory support for video programs initiated, designed, organized, and produced by advanced students. Students work in production groups to arrange and gain approval for program plans prior to execution. May be repeated up to a maximum of 6 hours. Prer., COMM 227, COMM 327.

COMM 445-3. Advertising Media.
A seminar in the theory and practice of advertising as an art and science. Students will participate in cases and campaigns providing a dynamic approach to the field.

COMM 450-3. Media Management.
Analysis of managerial problems in industrial, governmental, and nonprofit media organizations. Case studies, local managers, and outside readings will examine public relations/marketing, inventory, personnel, and legal aspects of managing a media facility. Prer., COMM 100, COMM 227.

COMM 451-3. Quantitative Methods for Communication Research.
Course covers introductory statistics, t-tests, simple ANOVAs, bivariate regression and measurements issues. Students are also introduced to the use of statistical software. Prer., COMM 250 and I D 105. Meets with COMM 551.

COMM 460-3. Contemporary Theories of Human Communication.
An exploration of essentials of theory development and construction as related to the human communication process with primary emphasis on contemporary theories of human communication. Taught in a seminar format. Prer., COMM 102 and COMM 103. Meets with COMM 560.

COMM 461-3. Principles and Practice of Public Relations.
Designed to provide majors and non-majors an introduction to the principles and practice of contemporary public relations. Students will increase their understanding and knowledge of the formation and implication of public opinion, and the elements and the practice of public relations in contemporary society.

COMM 469-3 to 6. Internship in Communication.
Supervised opportunities for obtaining knowledge and experience concerning the role of communication in the world of work. Prer., For Org Comm and Recording Arts/ Media Management majors only.

COMM 490-1 to 3. Special Topics in Communication.
Advanced exploration of timely topics and issues related to communication in various contexts. Topics vary from semester to semester. May be taken up to two times for credit with permission of department chair. Prer., Vary from topic to topic.

COMM 499-3. Multicultural Diversity and Communication- A Team Teaching Approach.
It will examine the process and theory of communication and its application to a multicultural society. It will explore cases of successes and failures in interpersonal, group, and mass communication. It will also examine the process of verbal and nonverbal communication expressed in a variety of channels, systems, and codes. Meets with COMM 599.

COMM 510-3. Advanced Public Speaking.
Advanced exploration of the theory, preparation, delivery and evaluation of public speeches. Prer., COMM 210 or equivalent. Meets with COMM 410.

COMM 515-3. Communication for the Classroom Teacher.
This course is intended to be both theoretical and practical in nature and will provide teachers and prospective teachers the rationale for using appropriate communication strategies in the classroom. It will include methods for analysis, development, and facilitation of teachers and their students communication behaviors. Meets with COMM 415.

COMM 522-3. Creative Communication.
Exploration of the relationship between creativity and communication. Topics include: theories and models of creativity, creativity and language, the creative process in groups and organizations, and creative influence. Meets with COMM 422.

COMM 524-3. Seminar in Organizational Communication.
Explores major theoretical perspectives for the study of organizational communication, examines culture and communication relationships, describes the role and responsibilities of organizational communication professionals, and surveys current research in organizational communication. Students make application of organizational communication principles to a variety of case studies and organizational experiences. Meets with COMM 424.

COMM 551-3. Quantitative Methods Communication for Research.
Course begins with a review of elementary statistics and measurement concerns and moves on to T-test, ANOVA, Chi-squares, bivariate and multivariate regression. Prer., COMM 250 and I D 105. Meets with COMM 451.

COMM 560-3. Contemporary Theories of Human Communication.
An exploration of essentials of theory development and construction as related to the human communication process with primary emphasis on contemporary theories of human communication. Taught in a seminar format. Meets with COMM 460.

COMM 569-1 to 3. Problems in Radio-Television and Film.
Opportunity for students to explore, upon consultation with the instructor, areas in radio-TV and film which the normal sequence of offering will not allow. Prer., Consent of instructor.

COMM 570-3. Instructional Media.
Comprehensive examination of communication and learning theory, instructional design, and media production.

COMM 577-3. Leadership Communication in a Global Environment.
Advanced exploration of contemporary leadership theory and research with an emphasis on global leadership communication issues. Strategic communication methods are investigated through case analysis with emphasis on the relationship between leadership and culture, leadership style, transformational leadership, charisma, corporate culture, leadership challenges in dealing with diverse populations, ethical leadership and followership, and the global leadership challenges of the future.

COMM 580-3. Qualitative Research Practices in Communication Studies.
Introduces graduate students to the qualitative communication research process by: locating and critically reviewing scholarly literature, critically analyzing scholarly research, describing various qualitative research methods used in communication research, developing a communication research proposal, and carrying out a project. Prer., Suggested - COMM 601.

COMM 599-3. Multicultural Diversity and Communication.
It will examine the process and theory of communication and its application to a multicultural society. It will explore cases of successes and failures in interpersonal, group, and mass communication. It will also examine the process of verbal and nonverbal communication expressed in a variety of channels, systems, and codes. Meets with COMM 499.

COMM 601-3. Introduction to Graduate Work in Communication.
Intended to familiarize students with the philosophical, ideological and methodological bases of study in communication. Required for all departmental graduate
students.

COMM 602-3. Communication Research Practicum.
A project-based graduate course designed to involve students in communication research and/or creative work from the proposal stage through conference presentation/publication/production. Prer., COMM 601 and/or instructor consent.

COMM 610-3. Communication Competency: Theory, Assessment, and Pedagogy.
In a seminar format, this course examines the historical development of various theories, present conceptualizations, and models of communication competency. Models are related to assessment in various contexts. Students develop and present an oral communication competency assessment program.

COMM 625-1 to 6. Problems in Communication.
Explores various graduate-level subjects in communication not normally offered on a regular basis. See Schedule of Courses for current offerings and prerequisites.

COMM 626-3. Communication, Training, and Development.
Examines the field of training and development from both theoretical and pragmatic perspectives. Although the primary emphasis will be on corporate training and development, the course will also address broad principles relating to adult education in a variety of training contexts.

COMM 651-3. Intermediate Quantitative Methods for Communication Research.
Course begins with a review of elementary statistics and measurement concerns and moves to t-test, ANOVA, Chi-Squares, bivariate and multiple regression. Prer., COMM 451/551 or permission of instructor.

COMM 699-3. Emerging Communication Technologies.
Examination of new communications technologies with regard to use and capability and impact on interpersonal, small group, organizational, and international contexts. Special emphasis on impact of technologies for problem solving, decision making, power relationships, geographically diverse work teams, and changing communication theory.

COMM 700-1 to 9. Masters Thesis.

COMM940-1 to 4. Independent Study in Communication.
Individually developed and implemented research projects in communication. Prer., COMM 102, COMM 103 and consent of instructor.

COMM 950-1 to 6. Independent Study in Communication.
Individually developed and implemented research projects in communication. A student desiring independent study credit must present to the faculty a well-defined topic for research. Prer., Graduate status.

COMM 999-0. Candidate for Degree.

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Economics

ECON 100-3. The Economics of Social Issues.
The Economics of Social Issues introduces the student to economics in a less rigorous manner than ECON 102. Economic issues are introduced in examining wealth, poverty, energy, crime, education, health, discrimination, unemployment and inflation.

ECON 101-3. Introduction to Microeconomics.
An analysis of the market system and its role in allocating goods and services; problems of market failure (e.g., monopoly, environmental pollution, and public goods), and alternative government responses to such problems.

ECON 102-3. Introduction to Macroeconomics.
An examination of the forces which determine national income, employment, and prices; use of government policy to combat inflation and unemployment; balance of payments problems; theories of growth for developed and less developed economies, poverty, and consideration of alternative economic systems.

ECON 281-3. Introduction to Statistics and Computing in Economics.
Uses of descriptive and inferential statistics in economics. Introduction to probability, random sampling, confidence intervals, hypothesis testing and simple linear regression.

ECON 301-3. Intermediate Microeconomic Theory.
Production, price, and distribution theory under conditions of perfect and imperfect competition. Prer., ECON 101.

ECON 302-3. Intermediate Macroeconomic Theory.
Keynesian, classical, and monetarist theories of national income determination. Problems of unemployment, inflation, international exchange, and growth. Prer., ECON 102.

ECON 315-3. Great Books of Economics.
A study of economic principles as developed in the original works of great writers, especially Adam Smith, David Ricardo, and Karl Marx. Prer., ECON 101 and ECON 102.

ECON 321-3. Economics of the Public Sector.
Analysis of the role of government in a capitalist economy. Effects of alternative tax structures; local, state, and federal expenditure and revenue policies. Use of fiscal policy in seeking goals of full employment, stable prices, and growth. Prer., ECON 101.

ECON 328-3. International Political Economy.
Overview of the world political economy, especially in the post-WWII period. The central goal of the course is to provide information and develop analytical tools necessary for students to grasp the political issues inherent in international economic relations. Prer., ECON 100, ECON 101 or ECON 102. Meets with P SC 428.

ECON 330-3. Environmental Economics.
An examination of the economic basis for and possible solutions of the environmental crisis. Particular attention will be placed on the ways in which legal and political institutions affect economic decisions that have an impact on the environment. Specific problems considered will include air and water pollution, solid waste disposal, population control, energy resources, and conservation. Prer., ECON 101 or consent of instructor.

ECON 341-3. International Economics.
Analysis of the basis for and consequences of opening an economy to the international arena. Specific issues considered are the benefits and costs of international trade, the reason for barriers to trade, the determination of exchange rates and the effect of government policies of international good and factor flows. Prer., ECON 101, 102 or consent of instructor.

ECON 350-3. Economic History of the United States.
American economic organization and institutions and their development from colonial times to the present. Prer., ECON 101 and ECON 102.

ECON 361-3. Economics of Inequality: Income, Poverty and Distribution.
Explores how wages are set in a market economy, why incomes differ, the effects of gender or race discrimination, immigration, educational policy, poverty programs and unions. Prer., ECON 101 or consent of instructor.

ECON 366-3. Economics and Community Problems.
Students build on an introductory level knowledge of economics to see the economic aspects of social problems and their solutions through service-learning assignments in the community. Individual journals and oral presentations also required. Prer., ECON 100 or ECON 101 or ECON 102.

ECON 369-3. Economics of Business.
Examines the application of economic theory to business behavior, strategy, and market structure. Prer., ECON 101.

ECON 371-3. Comparative Economic Systems.
Comparison of resource allocation and stabilization policies under capitalism, socialism, and fascism. Examination of experiences of selected countries. Prer., ECON 101 or consent of instructor.

ECON 377-3. Economic Development.
This course examines the sources of economic development and underdevelopment. Through examination of the situation of high, middle, and low income countries recommendations for growth strategies are developed. Prer., ECON 101 or ECON 102.

ECON 385-3. Law and Economics.
Examines how economic theory has been applied in legal theory and been used to shape legal outcomes. Numerous cases are examined. Prer., ECON 101 or instructor consent.

ECON 398-3. Special Topics in Economics.
A study of special topics in economics. Topics vary from semester to semester and generally emphasize the application of economic analysis to current issues. Prer., ECON 100 or ECON 101 or ECON 102.

ECON 401-3. Advanced Microeconomic Theory.
Study of the core of microeconomic theory using calculus. Topics include: consumer theory of the firm, profit maximization, efficiency and market failure. Several advanced topics from recent developments in microeconomics are also examined. Prer., ECON 301 and MATH 112 (or 135) or consent of instructor.

ECON 423-3. Public Expenditures Evaluation and Policy Analysis.
Provides training in methods of public policy analysis and evaluation. Covers benefit-cost and cost- effectiveness analysis and research design. Prer., ECON 301, ECON 321 is recommended or consent of instructor. Meets with P AD 5320.

ECON 431-1 to 3. Understanding Our Economy.
Explores a variety of topics applicable to the study and teaching of economics. The emphasis will be on themes, topics and structures as ways to motivate students interested in economics. This course will be taught through the Division of Continuing Education.

ECON 441-3. Advanced International Economics.
Through development of advanced models, this course examines the likely effects of globalization on the U.S. and other countries. Prer., ECON 301, ECON 302, ECON 341.

ECON 461-3. Labor Economics.
The determination of wages and working conditions in the U.S. Economy. A study of the supply and demand for labor under competitive and noncompetitive conditions. Includes the economic effects of trade unions, internal labor markets, migration and labor mobility, as well as analysis of occupational choice, women in the labor force, and the causes and consequences of discrimination. Prer., ECON 101 and ECON 102 or ECON 301, recommended; or consent of instructor.

ECON 481-3. Introduction to Econometrics.
Development and application of multiple regression techniques in testing economic theories. Prer., ECON 301 or 302; ECON 281 or consent of instructor.

ECON 631-1 to 3. Teaching Economics.
The seminar will explore a variety of topics applicable to the study and teaching of economics. The emphasis will be on themes, topics and strategies most appropriate to motivate students interest in economics. Courses offered through the council for economic education. Not an option for ECON majors or grad students.

ECON 940-1 to 3. Independent Study in Economics.

ECON 941-1 to 3. Independent Study in Macroeconomics.

ECON 950-1 to 3. Independent Study in Economics.

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English

ENGL 099-3. Components of Writing.
Introductory writing course offered through Extended Studies: 262: 4071. Students develop strategies for managing academic reading and writing assignments. Emphasizes the writing process: generating topics, drafting, revising and editing academic prose. Students receive one-on-one support throughout the writing process with special attention to writing conventions and the development of ideas. Critical reading and discussion skills are an integral part of this course. ENGL 099 is taught in a computer- mediated environment. Designed to prepare students for ENGL 131. Placement Criteria: ACT English score of 18 or below; SAT English score of 449 or below. For additional placement information, call the Writing Program: (719) 262-4040.

ENGL 131-3. Rhetoric and Writing I: Academic Reading and Analytical Writing.
First semester of a two-semester course, required of all students. Introduces students to academic reading and writing processes. Students develop critical reading, writing and thinking skills through class discussion, the rhetorical analysis of academic texts and the writing of analytical essays. Students write for a variety of purposes and audiences. Emphasis is given to reading and writing processes as multiple, and rhetorically diverse. Students may variously explore multicultural approaches to reading and writing, interdisciplinary approaches to reading and writing, community-specific definitions of literacy and language practices and/or the impact of technology upon academic reading and writing processes. Requirements include an in-class essay exam and three analytical essays. ENGL 131 is taught in a computer-mediated environment. Students needing additional work on sentence-level editing skills may be asked to enroll concurrently in ENGL 135. Prer., Successful completion of ENGL 099 or equivalent; score of 19+ on the English ACT; or score of 450+ on the English SAT. See general information section of the Schedule of Courses or the Course Bulletin for additional information.

ENGL 135-1. Composition I Laboratory.
A course in sentence structure and strategies, to be taught in small group workshops in the Writing Center. Students will learn and apply basic grammatical and stylistic principles in small, computer-assisted, interactive group sessions, while also working individually with peer tutors on their own writing. One-hour workshops meet weekly in the Writing Center beginning the third week of classes. Supplements Composition courses. Cannot be repeated for credit.

ENGL 141-3. Composition II.
Second-semester course that offers extensive practice in writing arguments (Toulmin and Rogerian) for multiple purposes and audiences, and introduces students to the reading and writing activities integral to academic research. Students analyze the components of argument, investigate issues, evaluate and analyze sources, integrate primary and secondary materials into their own arguments, use a variety of rhetorical strategies that appropriately respond to audience and purpose, and learn the principles of research documentation. Taught in a computer-mediated environment. Students may be asked to concurrently enroll in ENGL 145 for individualized support through their writing and research activities. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent, or score of 29+ on English ACT, or a score of 650+ on the English SAT.

ENGL 145-1. Composition II Laboratory.
A self-study lab course in grammar, sentence structure, and basic writing principles. Student programs are individually designed to meet the students particular area of need. English 145 students will complete grammatical and syntactical exercises, writing revisions, and/or assigned readings, while working collaboratively with a peer tutor on the students academic writing assignments. Requires a weekly, two-hour commitment. Allows for concentrated study and ongoing individualized support. Supplements Composition courses. Can be taken twice for credit.

ENGL 150-3. Introduction to Literature for Non-Majors.
Fundamental literary analysis of poetry, drama and fiction. This course is a prerequisite to all other literature courses. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent, or score of 29+ on English ACT or score of 690+ on English SAT

ENGL 190-3. Introduction to Literary Studies (For English Majors Only).
Introduction to study of poetry, drama and fiction designed specifically to prepare majors for advanced work in literature. This course is a prerequisite for English majors to every other literature course in the department of English except ENGL 150. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent, or score of 29+ on the English ACT or score of 690+ on English SAT.

ENGL 203-3. Introduction to Creative Writing - Poetry.
For the beginning student who wants to write poetry. Workshop approach.

ENGL 204-3. Introduction to Creative Nonfiction Prose.
Focusing on writing nonfiction pieces, the course explores this burgeoning genre, represented by literary journalism, essays, memoirs, personal narratives, and confessional writing. Students will write in these formats, and their work will be critiqued in class. Reading includes some of todays best nonfiction. Prer., ENGL 131 or instructor consent.

ENGL 205-3. Introduction to Creative Writing - Fiction.
Exercises in perception and voice designed to develop students abilities to write fiction. Workshop approach. Prer., ENGL 131, or permission of instructor.

ENGL 251-3. Survey of British Literature I.
Chronological study of major British writers from the beginnings (Beowulf) through the works of Shakespeare. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190.

ENGL 252-3. Survey of British Literature II.
Chronological study of major British writers from the period following the English Renaissance through the eighteenth century, or from John Donne and John Milton to Thomas Gray and Jane Austen. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190.

ENGL 253-3. Survey of British Literature III.
Chronological study of major British writers from the Romantic period through the rest of the nineteenth century, or from the Romantics (Blake, Burns, etc.) to Yeats. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190.

ENGL 254-3. Survey of British Literature IV.
Chronological survey of major British writers from Joyce to Beckett, or from the start of the twentieth century to the contemporary era. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190.

ENGL 260-3. Literature: The Global Perspective I.
Designed to introduce students to literature from the ancient and early modern world; particular attention to emerging notions of Western culture and an indebtedness to exchanges with the East. Prer., ENGL 131 and either ENGL 150 or ENGL 190.

ENGL 261-3. Literature: The Global Perspective II.
Examines modern works with particular attention to literature outside North America and Great Britain and to how a quickly and often violently changing world affects regional cultures. Prer., ENGL 131 and either ENGL 150 or ENGL 190.

ENGL 280-3. Film and Fiction.
This is a course that examines the transformational process by which a novel (or short story) is adapted to film. What is gained, lost, altered in that process is then used as a means of coming to understand that novel or short story. Most typically what will not really transform itself to film is used as the basis of critical analysis. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190.

ENGL 290-3. Topics in Literature.
While the topic varies by semester and instructor, this course will always focus on national diversity and/or global awareness through the study of how literature and socio-political conditions are reciprocally influenced. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190.

ENGL 291-1 to 3. Topics in Literature.
Topics will vary from year to year and may or may not be offered in any given semester. See individual course schedules for Fall or Spring. May be repeated for credit with permission of department chair. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190.

ENGL 300-3. Literary Criticism in Theory and Practice.
Introduces students to various critical methods, which they will apply to novels and works from other literary genres; students will also have opportunities to hear English faculty members engage in critical interchange. Prer., ENGL 131 and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190.

ENGL 301-3. Advanced Composition.
Writing workshop that offers students the opportunity to work on advanced writing projects and enhance their repertoire of rhetorical strategies. Specific writing projects may vary. TEP sections of ENGL 301 also emphasize instructional strategies for managing the writing process in public school settings. Prer., ENGL 131 and ENGL 141 or equivalent.

ENGL 303-3. Intermediate Creative Writing - Poetry.
For the experienced writer of poetry. Workshop approach. Prer., ENGL 203 or consent of instructor. May be taken twice for credit.

ENGL 304-3. Intermediate Creative Non-Fiction.
Focusing on personal narrative writing, this course explores the genre of memoir and autobiographical writing. This course is workshop intensive using in-class writing assignments, class critiques, close reading, and discussion of essays. Through memoir, students learn to lift the raw material of life and shape experiences, transform events and deliver wisdom. Prer., ENGL 204 or consent of instructor.

ENGL 305-3. Intermediate Creative Writing: Fiction.
Exercises in perception and voice and critical discussion of student work in the forms of fiction. Limited to 21 students. By consent of instructor only. Based upon demonstrated desire and ability to write. Workshop approach. May be taken twice for credit.

ENGL 307-3. Business and Administrative Writing.
For all students and especially business and professional writing students who foresee the need for proposal writing, report writing, data collection, and presentation. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent or a bachelors degree.

ENGL 309-3. Technical Writing and Presentation.
This course is designed to teach students how to present technical information effectively both through written reports and through oral presentations. It is taught in an electronic classroom with access to software tools for the design of both written and oral presentations. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent.

ENGL 311-3. Advanced Grammar.
Provides a theoretical, historical, and practical study of grammar and the rules governing language use, particularly as they apply to professional writing. The emphasis is on the standard conventions of grammar, usage, mechanics, and syntax. Students will practice a variety of techniques for applying these skills to their own writing. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent or a bachelors degree.

ENGL 312-3. Technical Editing and Style.
Focuses on editing strategies for improving the stylistic features of professional writing. In particular, it is concerned with a documents organization, clarity, conciseness, consistency, completeness, and accuracy. Students will practice a variety of techniques for applying these skills to their own writing. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated transfer credit or a bachelors degree.

ENGL 313-3. Designing Documents for Business and Industry.
Examines print and web-based design strategies in specific types of documents for a variety of professional audiences. Each project requires a proposal, a progress report, and a preliminary draft for peer review before submission of the final copy. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent or a bachelors degree.

ENGL 314-3. Managing Writing Projects in Business and Industry.
Provides a theoretical framework for managing writing projects and practice in working collaboratively in self-managed teams. Each team completes major writing projects collaboratively produced. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent or a bachelors degree.

ENGL 315-1 to 3. Professional Writing Internship.
Gives students an opportunity to apply writing theory to a work environment and to gain practical experience in writing on the job. Working for an organization participating in the Internship Program, students perform 40 hours of writing-related duties over the course of the semester for 1 credit, 80 hours for 2 credits, and 120 hours for 3 credits. Interns are evaluated by a supervisor at the host organization, keep a weekly log of their experiences, and write a final report to the instructor, summarizing and evaluating their internship experience. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent or a bachelors degree, and at least 9 credits in Professional Writing courses.

ENGL 316-3. Tools for Technical Writers.
Students will learn to use the standard software tools critical to technical writers in print and online documentation, for example; FrameMaker, Adobe Acrobat, MS Word, MS PowerPoint, FrontPage, and PaintShop Pro among others. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent transfer.

ENGL 320-3. Women Writers and Women's Experience.
Study of some women writers deserving attention because of their artistry and depiction of womens lives. May be repeated for credit with permission of department chair. Prer., ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with WMST 320.

ENGL 332-3. Born in the USA: Masterpieces of American Literature.
A study of the works by American masters of fiction, poetry, drama, and prose non-fiction, emphasizing the relationship of the literature to its cultural and historical contexts. Examining works of cultural diversity and giving various perspectives of America, the course includes readings by Native-American, African American, Asian American, and Latino/a writers. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190.

ENGL 338-3. Survey of American Literature I.
Surveys the foundational texts of American Literary history from the literatures of European encounters with New World Amerindians (Columbus, Cabeza de Vaca, Smith), through the American Romantics (Poe, Hawthorne, Melville) with attention to the cultural and social contexts in which these literatures were produced. Includes study of Puritan literary forms (the Jeremiad, the Captivity Narrative, the meta- physical poetry of Bradstreet and/or Taylor) and reflects on how these forms were revised by such authors as Douglass and Whitman in light of antebellum engagements with the problems of race, class, and gender. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190.

ENGL 339-3. Survey of American Literature II.
Surveys the development of American Literary voices from the Civil War era experimentations of Davis, Crane and Dickinson, through development of American Modernism in poetry and prose (Williams, Eliot, Stevens, Anderson, Hemingway, Faulkner), concluding with the Native American Renaissance of the 1960s and 70s. Includes such writers as Twain, James, Wharton and/or Chopin with the attention to race-relations, immigration and the New Woman, as well as surveying the development of the African-American literary tradition through the writings of Washington, DuBois, Toomer, Wright, and/or Hurston. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190.

ENGL 346-3. Race, Writing & Difference in the Contemporary American Novel.
A study of major writers and developments in the fast-expanding field of American ethnic minority literature, the course examines a representative group of novelists who write of the African American, Latino/a or Hispanic, Asian American, and Native American experiences. The ethnic minority novel transmits ethnic identity and cultural history and recovers lost histories and suppressed voices. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190 or EST 200. Meets with EST 346.

ENGL 353-3. Literature of the English Renaissance, Excluding Shakespeare.
Explores the cultural currents in the time of Shakespeare through four important literary genres: lyric, drama (non-Shakespearean), epic/romance, and various forms of prose. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190 or EMST 200.

ENGL 355-3. Native American Literature.
Provides students with the necessary cultural and literary background required to understand and appreciate some of the major works of Native American literature. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with EMST 355.

ENGL 360-3. Contemporary African American Literature.
Provides students with the necessary cultural and literary background required to understand and appreciate some of the major works of African American Literature. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190 or EMST 200. Meets with EMST 360.

ENGL 380-3. Peer Tutoring, Writing Across the Curriculum.
Instruction and practice in the principles of teaching/tutoring writing as required in a variety of academic disciplines in the University. Examines one- on-one conferencing techniques, discipline-specific writing demands, differences in individual learning styles and cultural values, and individual writing processes. Students will also work on further development of their own writing processes. Students will also work on further development of their own writing abilities as well as understanding of basic grammatical principles. An interactive, collaborative class that includes one hour of supervised tutoring in the Writing Center weekly. Students in all majors are encouraged to enroll. A required class for employment as a Writing Center peer tutor. Prer., ENGL 131 and ENGL 141, or equivalent.

ENGL 390-3. Topics in Literature.
While the topic varies by semester and instructor, this course will focus on national awareness and/or global awareness through the study of how literature and socio-political conditions are reciprocally influenced. Prer., ENGL 131 and either ENGL 150 or ENGL 190.

ENGL 391-1 to 3. Topics in Literature.
Topics will vary from semester to semester. Check Fall and Spring schedules. May be taken up to two times for credit with permission of department chair. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190.

ENGL 395-3. Chaucer.
Study of major works with emphasis on Canterbury Tales. Readings will be in middle English; short introduction to the language will precede study of the poetry. Prer. ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190.

ENGL 397-3. Shakespeare I.
Comedies and Histories. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190.

ENGL 398-3. Shakespeare II.
Tragedies and Romances. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190.

ENGL 410-3. Advanced Creative Writing.
Focuses on generating new material, revising existing work with an eye towards completion of a manuscript for publication, and furthering the development of critical voice. Students must bring a high level of dedication to their writing and a demonstrated proficiency in their craft. Workshop approach and independent projects required. Genres vary. Prer., Intermediate courses in the genre or instructor approval.

ENGL 420-3. The Eighteenth-Century British Novel: Defoe to Austen.
Traces the emergence of the novel from its subliterary roots in early 18th century to its stunning transformation by early 19th century. Examines historical context, narrative techniques, theory of character, and major themes. Authors include Defoe, Richardson, Fielding, Sterne, and Austen. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with ENGL 520.

ENGL 421-3. The Nineteenth-Century British Novel.
Continuation of 420, but may be taken without previous novel course. Examines major British novels of the 19th century and early 20th century. Authors include the Brontes, Dickens, Eliot, and Hardy. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with ENGL 521.

ENGL 423-3. Development of the American Novel I.
Study of the American novel from its beginnings, with the work of Charles Brockden Brown, through the 19th century, concluding with the work of Henry James. Will examine both artistic development of American writers and the novels functions as vehicles of cultural history. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with ENGL 523.

ENGL 424-3. Development of the American Novel II.
Continuation of ENGL 423. Covers development of the modern realistic novel, from beginning of the 20th century through 1945, and examines work of Wharton, Hemingway, Fitzgerald, Dreiser, Wright and others. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with ENGL 524.

ENGL 425-3. Contemporary Novel.
Study of major novelists and developments in the genre, with emphasis on British and American novels written since 1965. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with ENGL 525.

ENGL 430-3. Studies in American Literature and Culture.
Advanced study of such topics as early American and modern American poetry and literature of the American frontier. May be repeated for credit with permission of department chair. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with ENGL 530.

ENGL 440-3. Genre Studies.
Topics may include medieval epic and romance, lyric poetry, dramatic comedy, medieval comedy, satire. May be repeated for credit with permission of department chair. Prer., ENGL 131 or equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with ENGL 540.

ENGL 450-3. Studies in Anglo-Saxon and Medieval Literature.
Study of major works in prose, poetry, and drama of medieval Europe. May be repeated for credit with permission of the department chair. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with ENGL 550.

ENGL 483-3. Rhetoric and Writing.
Theoretical and practical study of writing processes across diverse contexts. Explores the rhetorical nature of writing, and applies rhetorical theory and research to the teaching and practice of writing. Theoretical topics may vary. See the Schedule of courses for the topic in any given semester. Prer., Upper-division standing or permission of instructor, and ENGL 131 and ENGL 141 or course equivalents. Meets with ENGL 583.

ENGL 485-3. History of the English Language.
Outline of the history of the English language including a brief survey of sound changes, of grammatical forms and of the vocabulary. Meets with ENGL 585.

ENGL 486-3. Special Topics in Rhetoric and Writing.
Advanced, in-depth study of the theoretical and practical accomplishments of writers and rhetors across diverse historical contexts. Rhetors, theorists, and historical contexts shift with topics. Prer., ENGL 131 and ENGL 141 or equivalent courses. Meets with ENGL 586.

ENGL 495-3. Seminar in Literary Topics.
Course topic will vary by semester. Check Schedule off Courses each term for specific course content. May be repeated for credit with permission of department chair. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with ENGL 595.

ENGL 498-3. Seminar in Major Authors.
Authors to vary from semester to semester and may not be offered in any given year. Check schedule of courses for specific information. May be repeated for credit with permission of department chair. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with ENGL 598 and WMST 498, if appropriate.

ENGL 520-3. The Eighteenth-Century British Novel: Defoe to Austen.
Traces the emergence of the novel from its subliterary roots in early 18th century to its stunning transformation by the early 19th century. Examines historical context, narrative techniques, theory of character, and major themes. Authors include Defoe, Richardson, Fielding, and Austen. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with ENGL 420.

ENGL 521-3. The Nineteenth-Century British Novel.
Continuation of 520, but may be taken without previous novel course. Examines major British novels of the 19th century and early 20th century. Authors include Bronte, Dickens, Eliot, and Hardy. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with ENGL 421.

ENGL 523-3. Development of the American Novel I.
Study of the American novel from its beginnings with the work of Charles Brockden Brown, through the 19th century, concluding with the work of Henry James. Will examine both artistic development of American writers and the novels functions as vehicles of cultural history. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with ENGL 423.

ENGL 524-3. Development of the American Novel II.
Continuation of ENGL 523. Covers development of the modern realistic novel from beginning of the 20th century through 1945 and examines work of Wharton, Hemingway, Fitzgerald, Dreiser, Wright and others. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with ENGL 424.

ENGL 525-3. Contemporary Novel.
Study of major novelists and developments in the genre, with emphasis on British and American novels written since 1965. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with ENGL 425.

ENGL 530-3. Studies in American Literature and Culture.
Advanced study of such topics as early American and modern American poetry and literature of the early American frontier. May be repeated for credit with permission of department chair. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with ENGL 430.

ENGL 540-3. Genre Studies.
Topics may include medieval epic and romance, dramatic comedy, medieval comedy, satire. May be repeated for credit with permission of department chair. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with ENGL 440.

ENGL 550-3. Studies in Anglo-Saxon and Medieval Literature.
Study of major works in prose, poetry, and drama of medieval Europe. May be repeated for credit with the permission of the department chair. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with ENGL 450.

ENGL 583-3. Rhetoric and Writing.
Theoretical and practical study of writing processes across diverse contexts. Explores the rhetorical nature of writing and applies rhetorical theory and research to the teaching and practice of writing. Recommended for students and professionals interested in teaching writing in the public schools or at the college level, also intended for students interested in pursuing graduate studies in Rhetoric and Composition. Designed as a graduate seminar. Meets with ENGL 483.

ENGL 584-3. Graduate Practicum for Writing Instructors.
Graduate training practicum for writing instructors at the college level. Theoretical inquiry and practical development of syllabi, course plans, and instructional materials. Pass/Fail only.

ENGL 585-3. History of the English Language.
Outline of the history of the English language including a brief survey of sound changes, of grammatical forms and of the vocabulary. Meets with ENGL 485.

ENGL 586-3. Special Topics in Rhetoric and Writing.
Advanced, in-depth study of the theoretical and practical accomplishments of writers and rhetors across diverse historical contexts. Rhetors, theorists and historical contexts shift with topics. Prer., ENGl 131 and ENGL 141 or equivalent courses. Meets with ENGL 486.

ENGL 595-3. Seminar in Literary Topics.
Course topic will vary by semester. Check the Schedule of Courses each term for specific course content. May be repeated for credit with permission of department chair. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with ENGL 495.

ENGL 598-3. Seminar in Major Authors.
Authors to vary from semester to semester and may not be offered in any given year. Check Schedule of Courses for specific information. May be repeated for credit with permission of department chairperson. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190. Meets with ENGL 498 and WMST 498, if appropriate.

ENGL 696-3. Renaissance Drama Exclusive of Shakespeare.
Graduate study in the major plays of Elizabethan and Stuart drama from the 1580s to the closing of the theaters in 1642. Consideration of representative sub-genres of comedy, history, tragedy, and romance in the context of their culture. Prer., ENGL 131 or validated equivalent and ENGL 150 or ENGL 190.

ENGL 940-1 to 3. Independent Study in English.
Students may not enroll for independent study in this course without prior consent of the English faculty. A student desiring independent study credit must present to the faculty, in writing, a well- defined topic for research which is not included in the regular English course offerings. Approval for such study must be secured from the department chair before registration. May be repeated for credit with permission of department chairperson.

ENGL 950-1 to 3. Independent Study in English.

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Energy Science

ENSC 150-3. Introduction to Energy Science I.
Survey of present and future energy resources and the technology associated with their use, including economic and environmental considerations. Meets with PES 150.

ENSC 151-3. Introduction to Energy Science II.
Survey of present and future energy resources and the technology associated with their use, including economic and environmental considerations.

ENSC 160-3. Introductory Solar Energy.
Introduction to the technology of solar heating. Includes experience in practical aspects of active and solar collection and conversion. Meets with PES 160.

ENSC 162-1. Solar Energy Laboratory.
Laboratory course designed to provide practical experience in designing and measuring the characteristics of active and passive solar heating systems. Prer., or Coreq., ENSC 160. Meets with PES 162.

ENSC 250-3. Energy Fundamentals.
Energy, work, power, and thermodynamic efficiency. World and U.S. energy sources, consumption, and policy. Conservation methods. Introduction to long- term energy sources: solar, breeder reactors, thermonuclear fusion, geothermal, and tidal. This survey course is designed for science majors and assumes some knowledge of calculus and the physical sciences. Meets with PES 250.

ENSC 320-4. Practical Meteorology.
An introduction to weather elements and meteorological phenomena with emphasis on physical principles and practical applications. Includes weather elements, air masses, clouds, precipitation, storms and other weather systems, weather map analysis, forecasting, weather control and modification, and current developments in the field of meteorology. Local and current weather facilities will be used to relate meteorological principles to actual observations. Meets with GES 320.

ENSC 361-3. Solar Energy Design.
A study of selected design tools for component sizing and performance prediction of active and passive solar thermal systems. Graphic and computer average monthly performance tools and numerical simulation methods will be covered. Meets with PES 361.

ENSC 365-3. Nuclear Energy.
Nuclear structure, radioisotopes, nuclear reactions, fission, and fusion. Emphasis on nuclear power production and its environmental impact.

ENSC 367-3. Exotic Energy Sources.
A survey of the technology of wind, geothermal, and ocean energy conversion, including climatic aspects, site selection, mechanics of the energy system, legal aspects, and environmental relationships.

ENSC 406-4. Introduction to Remote Sensing.
The acquisition and interpretation of environmental and natural resource data by using aerial photography and other imagery. This is a project oriented course which involves the use of various types of photography and analysis techniques. Prer., GES 100 or GES 101 or GES 101. Meets with GES 406 and GES 506.

ENSC 409-4. Image Processing.
An introduction to the advance methods of resource analysis using remotely sensed imagery. All relevant portions of the electromagnetic spectrum will be discussed. Emphasis will be placed on the digital image analysis (by microcomputer) or LANDSAT data. No previous programming experience required. Prer., GES 406. Meets with GES 409 and GES 509.

ENSC 460-3. Advanced Solar Energy.
Fundamental, technical principles of solar energy. Solar radiation; data and models. Radiative and convective heat transfer. Optical properties of materials. Optical and thermal analysis of flat- plate and concentrating collectors. Analysis of active and passive system performance, including high temperature application. Introduction to photovoltaics. Prer., PES 213 and MATH 236. (PES 250 and 342 are recommended). Meets with PES 460.

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EST 200-3. Introduction to Ethnic Studies.
Introduction to Ethnic Studies focuses upon, and historically contextualizes, the perspectives and cultural expressions of U.S. minority groups. Among other things, this course will consider key concepts such as racial/ethnic formation and examine the inter-relationship among race, ethnicity, gender, class and power.

EST 211-3. Introduction to Teatro Chicana/o.
An introductory survey of the historical development of contemporary Teatro Chicana/o from Spanish drama, and an introduction to methods of Theatre: acting, direction, staging and script writing. Meets with THTR 211.

EST 290-3. Special Topics.
Offered to allow lower division study in a specific area on a demand basis. Prer., EST 200 recommended.

EST 305-3. Race and Ethnicity in American Politics.
An examination of the role of U.S. ethnic minority groups in American politics from the perspectives of the groups themselves. Topics will include historical and contemporary perspectives on the political activities, interests and legal status of U.S. ethnic minorities; the relationship of power, race/ethnicity and class in determining the effects of the political system on these groups; and the impact of these groups on the political system. Meets with P SC 305.

EST 310-3. Women of Color: Image and Voice.
An examination of the ways in which the intersections of race, ethnicity, and gender are constructed both within and against traditional American feminism and gender critiques. The course will address areas of divergence from mainstream feminism, as well as the construction of alternative representations by women of color. Prer., WMST 100 or EST 200. Meets with WMST 310.

EST 323-3. The Chicana/o Community.
The study of the origin, development, and current order of the Chicana/o community. Includes studies of the barrio, ethnic identity, social organization and values, and the consequences of prejudice and discrimination. Prer., SOC 111 or SOC 220. Meets with SOC 323.

EST 324-3. The African American Community.
The study of the origin, development, and contemporary nature of Black community. Includes understanding of Black culture and values, and the consequences of prejudice and discrimination. Prer., SOC 111 or SOC 220 or EST 200. Meets with SOC 324.

EST 328-3. The Asian American Community.
This course provides a general introduction to Asian American Studies. It surveys Asian American social organization and political history from the 1800s to the present through the lens of immigration, family, labor, community, activism and resistance. Prer., SOC 111 or SOC 220 or EST 200.

EST 329-3. Perspectives on Race and Ethnic Relations.
A survey of racism, discrimination, prejudice, and relationships between dominant and minority groups in selected areas of the world. Prer., SOC 220 or consent of instructor. Meets with SOC 329.

EST 342-3. North American Indians.
A survey of the native cultures of America north of Mexico. Examines major institutions by culture area and type of social organization. Prer., ANTH 104 or ANTH 240 or consent of instructor. Meets with ANTH 342.

EST 343-3. African American Art.
Introduction to contemporary (1970- ) African American art forms with inclusion of traditional African arts influence on American Black culture. Meets with A H 343.

EST 346-3. Race, Writing & Difference in the Contemporary American Literature.
A study of the major writers and developments in the fast expanding field of American ethnic minority literature. Prer., ENGL 150 or ENGL 190 or EST 200 and ENGL 131 or validated equivalent. Meets with ENGL 346.

EST 350-3. Chicana/o History to 1910.
A panoramic sketch of Chicana/o history to about 1910. Integrates events, ideas, and personalities from both sides of the border to illuminate the evolution of Spanish-speaking people of the American Southwest. Meets with HIST 350.

EST 351-3. Chicana/o History since 1910.
A broad sketch of Chicana/o history since 1910. This course integrates events, ideas, and personalities from both sides of the border to illuminate the evolution of Spanish-speaking people of the American Southwest. Meets with HIST 351.

EST 355-3. Native American Literature.
This course is designed to provide students with the necessary cultural and literary backgrounds to understand and appreciate some of the major works of Native American literature. Prer., ENGL 190 or ENGL 350 or EST 200 and ENGL 131 or validated equivalent. Meets with ENGL 355.

EST 360-3. African American Literature.
This course is designed to provide students with the necessary cultural and literary background required to understand and appreciate some of the major works of African American literature. Prer., ENGL 150 or ENGL 190 or EST 200 and ENGL 131 or validated equivalent. Meets with ENGL 360.

EST 363-3. Gender and Race in Biblical Literature.
This course examines the presence(s), result(s), and interpretation(s) of gender and race in biblical literature, and the issues and problems these categories present to the reader. Prer., EST 200 recommended. Meets with PHIL 363 and WMST 363.

EST 366-3. Ethnic Minority Communities: Service and Learning.
This course provides students the opportunity to put into practice the theoretical knowledge gained in EST courses within the context of placements with community-based organizations that serve the various ethnic minority communities in Colorado Springs. Prer., EST 200 or consent of instructor.

EST 372-3. From Slavery to Freedom: The African American Experience, 1619-1877.
Introduces students to the major political, social, and cultural developments in the history of African Americans from 1619 through reconstruction. Meets with HIST 372.

EST 373-3. Vision & History in Native American and African American Narratives.
Examines via biography/autobiography how North America impacts the perspective and reality of American Indian and African American people(s), circa 1790-2000. Meets with HIST 373.

EST 374-3. African American Social and Political Thought, 1790-1980.
Surveys the historical basis of socio-political thought in North Americas diaspora (African American) communities. Meets with HIST 374.

EST 390-1 to 3. Special Topics.
Offered to allow intermediate study in a specific area on a demand basis. Prer., EST 200 recommended.

EST 401-3. Special Topics.
Offered to allow intensive study in a specific area. May be repeated for credit with permission of department chair. Prer., EST 200 or consent of instructor.

EST 440-3. Indigenous Peoples and Cultures of the Southwest.
An intensive study in cultural anthropology of the indigenous peoples and cultures of the Southwest. Prer., Consent of instructor. Meets with ANTH 440.

EST 442-3. U S Latino/Hispanic Literature.
Study of the works of the leading Chicana/o, Puerto Rican, and Cuban American writers in the United States. Prer., SPAN 310 or consent of instructor Meets with SPAN 442 and SPAN 542.

EST 443-3. US Latina/o Drama.
The drama and theatrical work of Chicana/o, Puerto Rican and the U.S. Cuban writers including Valdes, Pinero, Munoz, and Morton. Meets SPAN 443 and SPAN 543.

EST 444-3. Hispanic, Chicana/o, and Mexican - American Literature.
The literary manifestation of individuals of Mexican origin or descent in theater, prose, and poetry. Prer., SPAN 319 and SPAN 320. Meets with SPAN 444 and SPAN 544.

EST 445-3. US Cuban Literature.
Since 1960, and even in the 19th century. Cubans migrated to the U.S. and began to write poems, essays, fiction and theater. A study of examples of these works. Prer., SPAN 319 and SPAN 320. Meets with SPAN 445.

EST 471-3. Asian American History.
This course will trace the social, political, economic, and cultural history of Asian Americans from the early settlements of the nineteenth century to the present. present. Meets with HIST 471.

EST 940-1 to 3. Independent Study in Ethnic Studies.
Provides an opportunity to advanced students with good scholastic records to independently pursue the study of some subject of special interest. Prer., EST 200 and consent of director.

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Foreign and Cultural Studies

F CS 101-4. Selected Topics in Strategic Languages I.
Elementary Language Study-written, oral, and aural in a less commonly taught languages: Arabic, Cambodian, Chinese, Farsi (Persian), Korean, Thai, and Vietnamese. Permission of Department Chair.

F CS 102-4. Selected Topics in Strategic Languages II.
Elementary Language Study continued-written, oral and aural in a less commonly taught languages: Arabic, Cambodian, Chinese, Farsi (Persian), Korean, Thai, and Vietnamese. Permission of Department Chair. Prer., F CS 101.

F CS 318-3. German and Austrian Civilization and Culture.
Lectures, film, readings, discussions in English; knowledge of German not required. Study of development of German and Austrian culture and institutions from 1700 to 1918, emphasizing literature, art, philosophy, and music. Meets with GER 318.

F CS 319-3. 20th Century German and Austrian Civilization and Culture.
Lectures, films, readings, discussions in English; knowledge of German not required. Study of development of German and Austrian cultures and institutions from 1919 to the present emphasizing literature, design, art, and film. Meets with GER 319.

F CS 322-3. Japanese Culture and Civilization.
Main currents of Japanese civilization from its beginning to the contemporary period. History, art, plus case studies of cultural differences (taught in English).

F CS 323-3. Southwestern Culture Studies.
Taught in English. A cultural socio-history of the southwestern United States and its Mexican presence.

F CS 324-3. Modern French Culture and Civilization: France from 1700-1917.
Studies the creation of modern France from its roots in the culture of the Ancient Regime through the upheaval of Enlightenment and Revolution to the Industrial Revolution and World War I. Emphasis will be on intersections of historical schools of thought, cultural movements and institutional structures in the development of France.

F CS 337-3. Origins and Development of Russian Cultural Traditions.
Traces the development of Russian cultural traditions from the earliest recorded history of the Slavic people to contemporary society. The impact of religion, foreign domination and invasion, and geography on the Russian mind and behavior are examined. Special emphasis is given to the flowering of Russian literature, music and art in the 19th and early 20th centuries as well as to the role of the arts in the Soviet period.

F CS 339-1 to 3. Internships in Foreign Cultures.
The Language and Culture department will offer to advanced language students the opportunity to apply their knowledge in settings such as schools, social support agencies, etc. May be repeated up to three times. Prer., 300 Level courses and permission of the department.

F CS 345-3. German and Austrian Film.
Screenings, lecture, discussion; knowledge of German not required. German and Austrian film in a cultural context from beginnings to the present featuring such directors as Lang, von Sternberg, Refenstahl, Herzog, Fassbinder, Schlondorff, and Corti. Meets with GER 345 and FILM 345.

F CS 349-1 to 3. Internship in Foreign Cultures.
The Language and Culture department will offer to advanced language students the opportunity to apply their knowledge in settings such as schools, social support agencies, etc. May be repeated for credit up to three times. Prer., 300 Level courses and permission of the department.

F CS 356-3. German Literature in Translation.
Masterworks of German literature representing the major literary genres. Reading knowledge of German not required (in English). Meets with GER 350.

F CS 359-3. Deaf Culture.
Examines the culture of deaf people. The course will explore their customs, values, norms and heritage of the deaf community in America. Prer., ASL 101 and ASL 102. Meets with ASL 359.

F CS 369-3. Topics in Hispanic Film.
The cinematic manifestations of the richness and the variety of Hispanic culture as expressed through an artistic and humanistic vision. May be repeated twice for credit if the topic is different. Meets with FILM 369.

F CS 389-1 to 3. Field Studies in Language and Culture.
Designed to study both on campus and in the field any aspect of aspects of departmental offerings in language, culture, and/or civilization. May be repeated once for credit, provided that the field trip destination is not duplicated. Prer., Consent of instructor.

F CS 399-3. Topics in Foreign Culture.
Offered to allow intensive study in a specific area of interest. Prer., Permission of instructor.

F CS 421-3. The Southwest.
A survey of the major forms of Mexican American culture, with attention to their historical development. Taught in English. Meets with SPAN 421.

F CS 450-1 TO 3. Seminar in Foreign and Cultural Studies.
Seminars and conferences on Foreign Studies subjects including languages and ethnicity. Only offered through Extended Studies.

F CS 589-3. Field Studies in Language and Culture.
An on-campus and off-campus travel study class that explores a specified topic in language, culture, and civilization. May be repeated once for credit if the topic and field trip are different. Prer., Consent of instructor.

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FILM 100-3. Introduction to Film Studies.
Basic film theory, stylistics, and genre analysis in Western dominant and avant garde cinema. Themes include sociopolitical and feminist critique, surrealism, semiotics, metafilm, neorealism, and postmodernism.

FILM 200-3. Narrative Film.
A continuation of basic film study and analysis from FILM 100. This course explores international cinema history and trends in cinemas aesthetic forms as well as the significant personalities and cultural impact of narrative genres. Prer., FILM 100, or consent of instructor.

FILM 280-3. Film and Fiction.
Examines the transformational process by which a novel (or short story) is adapted to film. What is gained, lost, and/or altered in that process is then used as a means of coming to understand that novel or short story. Most typically what will not really transform itself to film is used as the basis of critical analysis.

FILM 345-3. German and Austrian Film.
Screenings, lecture, discussion; knowledge of German not required. German and Austrian film in a cultural context from beginnings to the present featuring such directors as Lang, Von Sternberg, Riefenstahl, Hartl, Fassbinder, Schlondorff, Export, and Wenders. Meets with GER 345 and F CS 345.

FILM 350-3. American Cinema.
An introductory film course surveying American cinema as art, industry, and system of representation and communication. Students acquire knowledge of film history and genres, technical and critical vocabulary terms, and how popular genres extend to broader social context. Meets with COMM 350.

FILM 369-3. Topics in Hispanic Film.
The cinematic manifestations of the richness and the variety of Hispanic culture as expressed through an artistic and humanistic vision. May be repeated once for credit if the topic is different. Meets with F CS 369.

FILM 371-3. Great European Film Directors: A Historical View, 1945-1994.
A study of the history of cinema, through works of great European directors of Post WWII period: from De Sica, Antonioni, Fellini, Pasolini, to Tarkovsky, Paradjanov, Wajda, Jarman, and Greenway. Course will be a valuable elective for all arts and sciences majors.

FILM 372-3. Russian Avant-Garde Cinema: A Historical View, 1915-1995.
A study of history of nearly 100 years of Russian and Soviet cinema through works of great directors: Eisenstein, Tarkovsky, Paradjanov, Shepitko, and others; from 1910s through 1990s. Every 4 hour session includes a complete feature film, some rare and never released on video. A valuable elective for all arts and sciences majors.

FILM 373-3. Russian Art Cinema Today: A Historical View: 1989-1997.
An in-depth study of the latest page in the history of its best directors: classics, such as Ioseliani, Soluiror, Muratova, as well as young talented directors, bound to become classics tomorrow. Every 4 hour session includes a complete feature film, often unavailable commercially. Available elective for all arts and science majors.

FILM 390-3. Special Topics in Film Studies.
Selected topics in the theory, history and aesthetics of film. Prer., FILM 100 or FILM 200, or consent of instructor.

FILM 395-3. Women in Film.
Selected topics dealing with the various roles of women in international cinema history.

FILM 403-1 to 3. Internship in Film Studies.
Supervised opportunities for advanced film studies students to apply their knowledge and obtain experience in the film industry. Prer., FILM 100 and FILM 200. Film minors only.

FILM 411-3. French or Francophone Film.
The evolution of French cinema from the 1940s to the new wave. About six movies will be viewed and analyzed both as objects and as reflections of the evolution of French society from 1940 to present. All lectures, readings, discussions, and films in French. Prer., FR 211, FR 217, FR 301, FR 302. Meets with FR 411.

FILM 940-1 to 3. Independent Study.
Independent work for undergraduates only. By special arrangement with the faculty. Prer., FILM 100 and FILM 200.

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FR 101-4. Beginning French I.
Essentials of French, oral-aural skills stressed with additional reading, writing and grammar.

FR 102-4. Beginning French II.
Essentials of French continued. Additional oral-aural skills practice with increased grammar, reading, and writing. Prer., FR 101 or equivalent.

FR 211-4. Intermediate French I.
French at the intermediate level with concentration on conversation, culture and civilization, or literature at that level. Prer., FR 102 or its equivalency.

FR 212-3. Intermediate French II.
An intermediate French course continuing conversational usage and cultural integration utilizing contemporary materials, newspapers, etc. Prer., FR 211 or equivalent.

FR 293-3. Business French.
The vocabulary and usage of the world of finance and commerce. Applied business correspondence, marketing and accounting terminologies. Prer., FR 212 or FR 217.

FR 300-3. Advanced Grammar.
A course designed to review extensively the functional application of modern French. Prer., FR 212 or 217 or equivalent.

FR 301-3. French Conversation and Composition I.
Practice in conversation with emphasis on pronunciation and diction; exercises in grammar review and oral communication. Prer., FR 212 or equivalent.

FR 302-3. French Conversation and Composition II.
Practice in conversation with emphasis on pronunciation and diction; exercises in grammar review and oral communication. Prer., FR 301 or equivalent.

FR 303-3. Advanced French Conversation & Composition.
Prer., FR 302 or equivalent.

FR 304-2. Advanced Pronunciation and Phonetics.
A supplemental course for the advanced student emphasizing the whys and wherefores of native pronunciations. Working from a solid knowledge structure of French, pronunciation work will stress the whole phrase as well as the relationship between grammar and speech. Prer., FR 300 or 301 or 302 or concurrent enrollment.

FR 310-3. Interpretive Practice: French Literature.
An introduction to approaches to literature and genre studies in French. The course will provide an initial contact with all major literary genres in French as well as practical application of the major schools of literary interpretation. Prer., FR 212 or equivalent.

FR 311-3. Main Currents of French Literature I.
An introductory survey. Selected literary texts representing major trends in the development of French literature. Prer., FR 212 or equivalent.

FR 312-3. Main Currents in French Literature II.
An introductory survey of French literature from Neoclassicism to the present. Prer., FR 212 or equivalent.

FR 317-3. Advanced French Readings, Conversation and Composition.
This course in advanced French bases classroom discussion and written assignment on contemporary journals, newspaper and nonliterary writings. Prer., FR 301, FR 302 or equivalent.

FR 323-1. Applied Conversation.
Conversation at the advanced level on contemporary topics in French culture. Prer., FR 212, 217 or equivalent.

FR 324-3. Modern French Culture and Civilization: France from 1700-1917.
Study of the creation of modern France from its roots in the culture of the Ancient Regime through the upheaval of Enlightenment and Revolution to the Industrial Revolution and World War I. Emphasis will be on intersections of historical schools of thought, cultural movements and institutional structures in the development of France.

FR 325-3. 20th Century France: Civilization & Culture.
Study of French culture and institutions as they have developed from 1919 to the present, emphasizing the relationship between changing social structures and value systems and their representation in literature, design, art and film. Prer., FR 301, FR 302 or equivalent.

FR 327-3. Francophone Cultures.
An intensive examination of linguistically defined cultures, treating particular cultural difference and issues of choice in relation to the imperial (culturally, politically or economically) culture and language. Readings will be drawn from a variety of sources ranging from historical documents and travel literature to contemporary writings (literary and others) from Francophone areas. Taught in French.

FR 339-1 to 3. Internship in Applied French.
The Language and Culture department will offer to advanced French language students the opportunity to apply their knowledge of French in settings such as schools, social support agencies, etc. May be repeated up to three times for credit. Prer., 300 Level French courses and departmental permission.

FR 349-1 to 3. Internship in Applied French.
The Language and Culture department will offer to advanced French language students the opportunity to apply their knowledge of French in settings such as schools, social support agencies, etc. May be repeated up to three times for credit. Prer,. 300 Level French courses and departmental permission.

FR 350-3. Special Topics in French.
Varying topics of current importance in literary and socio-cultural study. May be repeated once for credit if the topic is different. Prer., FR 212 or equivalent.

FR 411-3. French Film.
The evolution of French cinema from the 1940s to the new wave. About six movies will be viewed and analyzed both as objects and as reflections of the evolution of French society from 1940 to present. All lectures, readings, discussions, and films in French. Prer., FR 301 and FR 302. Meets with FILM 411.

FR 930-1 to 4. Independent Study in French: Undergraduate.
Independent work for undergraduates. By special arrangement with the faculty. Only for students presenting strong French preparation. May be repeated up to three times for credit. Prer., Consent of instructor.

FR 940-1 to 4. Independent Study in French: Undergraduate.
Independent work for undergraduates. By special arrangement with the faculty. Only for students presenting strong French preparation. May be repeated up to three times for credit. Prer., Consent of instructor and department chair.

FR 950-1 to 4. Independent Study in French: Graduate.
Independent work for graduate students only, by special arrangement with the faculty. Only for students presenting strong French preparation. May be repeated up to three times for credit. Prer., Consent of instructor and department chair.

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Gallery Management

G M 404-3. Gallery Management I.
Seminar and practical hands-on experience in administration, fundraising, curatorial selection, publicity, and installation of contemporary exhibits. Organization and research of programs at the gallery for contemporary art will be the focus of activities in addition to case studies and evaluation of pertinent off-campus exhibits.

G M 405-3. Gallery Management II.
Continuation of G M 404 with emphasis on development of concepts of gallery management and exhibition organization.

G M 940-1 to 4. Independent Study in Gallery Management.
Independent study in gallery management to be arranged with director.

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Geology

GEOL 102-4. Historical Geology.
Development of the science of geology, study of earth history and development of life forms throughout geologic time. Three lectures and one field trip or laboratory per week. Prer., GEOL 101, GES 101, or concurrent enrollment.

GEOL 153-4. Geological Development of Colorado and the West.
Three lectures and one field trip or laboratory per week. An outline of the development, through time, of the geology of Colorado. Includes a summary of the evolution of life. Last part of course is devoted to history of development of economic resources, including placer and hard rock mining, coal, oil and gas production, and oil shale. This is a course for nonmajors designed as a follow-up for those who have had GEOL 101.

GEOL 317-3. Geology and Our National Parks.
Promotes an interest in and an appreciation of the geologic aspects of our national parks. The student will be given fundamental background in the geological processes which have worked to evolve the spectacular or unique scenery found in the national parks. Because the approach to this class is of a qualitative nature, the prospective student need not have a prior background in the earth sciences. Field trips are included as part of the course content.

GEOL 352-3. Oceanography.
Oceans and their basins, water masses, circulation patterns, climate regulation, life zones, bottom sediments, and resources. Geologic aspects of the sea, both modern and ancient.

GEOL 370-4. Environmental Geology.
Interaction of industrial society with earth resources and geologic processes. Investigation of geologic hazards to engineering systems and problems related to resource development. Evaluation of criteria for urban planning, land utilization, waste disposal, and resource conservation. Prer., GEOL 101 or GES 101. Field trips required.

GEOL 403-4. Introduction to Hydrology and Ground Water.
Occurrence, movement and properties of subsurface water; introduction to groundwater geology and hydrology. Prer., GEOL 101, GES 101 or concurrent enrollment in MATH 104.

GEOL 411-3. Geologic Field Methods.
Methods of geologic mapping including Brunton compass and plane table surveying utilization. Coreq., GEOL 312. Additional field work required. Meets with GEOL 511.

GEOL 436-4. Glacial and Periglacial Geology.
Introduction to glaciology and periglacial geology and their influence on topography, crustal rebound, and sea level; and glacial chronology for northern North America. A study of cold-climate geomorphic and climatic processes. Prer., GEOL 101 OR GES 101. Meets with GEOL 536.

GEOL 463-4. Principles of Geomorphology.
Systematic study of weathering, mass-wasting, fluvial, wind, and marine processes and the landforms resulting therefrom. Field work and trips required. Prer., GEOL 101 or GES 101 or consent of instructor. Meets with GEOL 563, GES 431 and GES 531.

GEOL 466-1 to 4. Field Study in Geology.
A field trip to an area of special geologic interest such as the Grand Canyon, Death Valley, Yellowstone, Northern Rockies and the Mojave Desert. Field trips usually occur during the Winter, Spring, or Summer breaks. Prer., GEOL 101. Meets with GEOL 566.

GEOL 491-4. Engineering Geology.
Intensive literature review and field investigations leading to a recognition of the engineering and construction problems associated with natural hazards and earth materials such as mass movement, dam location, highway development, and building construction. Basic courses in physics, mathematics, and geology recommended. Meets with GEOL 591.

GEOL 503-4. Introduction to Ground Water.
Same as GEOL 403 with additional work required.

GEOL 536-4. Glacial and Periglacial Geology.
Same as GEOL 436 with additional work required. Prer., GEOL 101, GES 101, GEOL 463 preferred. Meets with GEOL 436.

GEOL 563-4. Principles of Geomorphology.
Systematic study of weathering, mass-wasting, fluvial, wind, and marine processes and the landforms resulting therefrom. Field work and trips required. Prer., GEOL 101 or GES 101 or consent of instructor. Meets with GEOL 463, GES 431, and GES 531.

GEOL 566-1 to 4. Field Study in Geology.
Same as GEOL 466 with additional work required. Meets with GEOL 466.

GEOL 591-4. Engineering Geology.
Intensive literature review and field investigations leading to a recognition of the engineering and construction problems associated with natural hazards and earth materials such as mass movement, dam location, highway development, and building construction. Basic courses in physics, mathematics, and geology recommended. Will require additional field work. Meets with GEOL 491.

GEOL 700-1 to 6. Masters Thesis.

GEOL 940-1 to 4. Independent Study in Geology: Undergraduate.
Independent work for undergraduates. By special arrangement with faculty. Only for students presenting strong geology preparation. Prer., Consent of the instructor.

GEOL 960-1 to 4. Independent Study in Geology: Graduate.
Independent work for graduate students. By special arrangement with faculty only. Prer., Consent of instructor.

GEOL 999-0. Candidate for Degree.

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German

GER 101-4. Beginning German I.
Essentials of German, oral-aural skills stressed with additional reading, writing, and grammar.

GER 102-4. Beginning German II.
Essentials of German continued. Additional oral-aural skills practice with increased grammar, reading, and writing. Prer., GER 101 or its equivalency.

GER 211-4. Intermediate German I.
German at the intermediate level with concentration on conversation, culture, and civilization or literature at that level. Prer., GER 102 or its equivalency.

GER 212-3. Intermediate German II.
An intermediate German course continuing conversational usage and cultural integration utilizing contemporary materials, newspapers, etc. Prer., GER 211 or its equivalency.

GER 293-3. Business German.
German for business studies: exercises in German business correspondence, terminology, readings and translations in the area of business German. Prer., GER 211 or equivalent.

GER 300-3. Advanced German Grammar.
A course designed to review intensively the functional application of Modern Germany. Prer., GER 212 or 217 or its equivalency.

GER 301-3. German Conversation and Composition I.
Practice in conversation; exercises in written communication. Prer., GER 212.

GER 302-3. German Conversation and Composition II.
Practice in conversation; exercises in written communication. Prer., GER 212 or its equivalency.

GER 313-3. 18th Century German Literature.
A survey of German language literature from 1700 to 1800. Readings and analysis of literature of the phases of the Enlightenment and of Classicism including such authors as Leibnitz, Lessing, Goethe, and Schiller. Prer., GER 300 or 301 or its equivalency.

GER 314-3. 16th and 17th Century German Literature.
A survey of German language literature from 1500 to 1700. Readings and analysis of literature of the Renaissance, Reformation and Baroque including such authors as Martin Luther, Hans Sachs, Gryphius, and Von Grimmelshausen. Prer., GER 300 or GER 301 or its equivalency.

GER 316-3. 20th Century German/Austrian Literature.
A survey of German language literature from 1900 to the present. Lecture course. Readings and analysis of different periods and styles from impressionism through feminism and post-modernism including authors such as Holz, Schnizler, Thomas Mann, Kaiser, Brecht, Boll, Bachmann, Durrenmatt, Muller, and Wolf. Prer., GER 300 or GER 301 or its equivalency.

GER 317-3. 19th Century German/Austrian Literature.
A survey of German language literature from 1800 to 1890S. Lecture course. Readings and analysis of literature of late Romanticism, Realism, Naturalism, including such authors as Goethe, Kleist, Eichendorff, Stifter, Buchner, Keller, Hauptmann. Prer., GER 300 or 301 or its equivalency.

GER 318-3. German/Austrian Civilization and Culture From 1700-1918.
Lectures, films, readings, discussions in English; knowledge of German not required. Study of development of German and Austrian culture and institutions from 1700 to 1918, emphasizing literature, art, philosophy and music. Meets with F CS 318.

GER 319-3. 20th Century German and Austrian Civilization and Culture.
Lectures, films, readings, discussions in English; knowledge of German not required. Study of development of German and Austrian cultures and institutions from 1919 to the present emphasizing literature, design, art, and film. Meets with F CS 319.

GER 323-1. Applied Conversation.
Conversation at the advanced level on contemporary topics in German culture. Prer., GER 212, 217, its equivalency.

GER 339-1 to 3. Internship in Applied German.
The foreign language department will offer to advanced German language students the opportunity to apply their knowledge of German in settings such as schools, social support agencies, etc. Prer., 300 level German courses and departmental permission.

GER 345-3. German and Austrian Film.
Screenings, lecture, discussion; knowledge of German not required. German and Austrian film in a cultural context from beginnings to the present featuring such directors as Lang, Von Sternberg, Rufenstahl, Herzog, Fassbinder, Schlondorff, and Corti. Prer. GER 212 or equiv if taken for German credit. Meets with F CS 345 and FILM 345.

GER 350-3. Special Topics in German/Austrian Literature.
Varying topics of current importance in literary and socio cultural study. May be repeated once for credit if topic is different. Prer., GER 300, GER 301, or its equivalency. Meets with F CS 356.

GER 920-1 to 4. Independent Study.
Independent work for undergraduates. By special arrangement with the faculty. Only for students presenting strong German preparation. May be repeated up to three times for credit. Prer., Consent of instructor.

GER 930-1 to 4. Independent Study.
Independent work for undergraduates. By special arrangement with the faculty. Only for students presenting strong German preparation. May be repeated up to three times for credit. Prer., Consent of instructor.

GER 940-1 to 4. Independent Study.
Independent work for undergraduates only, by special arrangement with the faculty. Only for students presenting strong German preparation. May be repeated up to three times for credit. Prer., Consent of instructor and department chair.

GER 950-1 to 4. Independent Study.
Independent work for graduate students only, by special arrangement with the faculty. Only for students presenting strong German preparation. May be repeated up to three times for credit. Prer., Consent of instructor and department chair.

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Geography and Environmental Studies

GES 100-4. Environmental Systems: Climate and Vegetation.
A general introduction to energy and mass budgets, including atmospheric motion, solar radiation, and water budgets. Includes consideration of climatic elements as they interact with vegetation, animals, and humans in ecosystems. This class is taught in a variety of learning situations, including lecture, laboratory, web-based and tutorials.

GES 101-4. Environmental Systems: Landforms and Soils.
An introductory survey primarily concerned with the agents and processes of landform shaping and soil genesis. Major emphasis is on the genesis, distribution, and utility of surface features in a variety of learning situations, including lecture, web-based, laboratory, tutorials, and field trips.

GES 105-2 to 4. Introduction to Map & Compass.
A basic introduction to topographic maps will be given. This will include the process involved with making and field-checking maps; discussion of symbolization, scale, and landform representation. The development of the compass will be outlined and basic skills will be taught.

GES 198-3. World Regional Geography.
A survey of world regions that explores the diversity of human culture within the wider global context. This issues-oriented class examines the cultural, political, economic and environmental forces that shape each region and the impacts of globalization on our increasingly interconnected world.

GES 199-4. Introduction to Human Geography.
A systematic introduction to the broad field of human-land interactions and spatial order. Emphasis is placed on the major themes of geographic inquiry including population numbers and distribution, changing resource use, location decisions, settlements, transportation, political units, and a geography of the future.

GES 200-3. Geographic Regions of the World.
An introduction to the worlds geographic realm and their human and physical characteristics. A variety of geographic themes such as population growth, urbanization, economic development and environmental deterioration are set in their regional contexts.

GES 201-3. Economic Geography: Resources, Development, and the Future.
Introductory consideration of the location of resources, the role of natural resources in economic and technological development and resource utilization and the future. Use of the theory of spatial organization and behavior in economic activity including agriculture, manufacturing, transportation, service activities, urban location, systems of cities, and growth patterns. Case studies.

GES 210-3. Humans and Environments.
An overview of global environmental issues including climate change, sustainable agriculture, waste management, deforestation, population and energy. Individual, local, state, regional, national and international decisionmaking tools and implications will be explored through case studies in industrialized and nonindustrialized countries.

GES 298-1 to 6. Professional Experience I.
Designed experiences involving application of specific, relevant concepts and skills in supervised employment situations.

GES 305-4. Introduction to Cartography.
An introduction to the principles and theory of map-making. The emphasis will be on the design of maps for research and publication using advanced computer hardware and software. The course entails the creation of reproducible, thematic maps using the various computer techniques available to the cartographer.

GES 320-4. Practical Meteorology.
An introduction to weather elements and meteorological phenomena with emphasis on physical principles and practical applications. Includes weather elements, air masses, clouds, precipitation, storms and other weather systems, weather map analysis, forecasting, weather control and modification, and current developments in the field of meteorology. Local and current weather facilities will be used to relate meteorological principles to actual observations. Meets with ENSC 320.

GES 321-4. Basic Weather Analysis and Forecasting.
An expanded application of meteorological principles with emphasis on modern techniques for interpreting and forecasting weather. The course includes a review of basic principles, interpretation of various types of weather charts, and forecast techniques. Lecture sessions will be followed by student preparations of weather analysis and forecast charts. Prer., GES 100 or 320.

GES 325-3. The Geography of Climate Change.
Students investigate the theory and evidence of climate change from a geographical perspective. The course incorporates the interactions and interrelationships of humans and the environmental system while in the study of global environmental changes in different locations. Students use readings, lectures, discussion, research, computer simulation, and their own critical and analytical thinking skills in the process of forming their own conclusions about the status of climate change in different locations. Written and oral presentation skills will be enhanced as the students present and defend their theory and findings to their peers.

GES 360-3. Geography of American Folk and Ethnic Music.
Music is ubiquitous in America today. This course will analyze the geographic context of American folk and ethnic music. A variety of geographic concepts and their relationship to the development of American folk and ethnic music will be discussed.

GES 366-3. Community Service: Theory and Practice.
Combines theory with practical application; includes reading assignments, seminars, and community service. Prer., Sophomore standing and consent of instructor.

GES 380-3. Regional Geography of the Pikes Peak Area.
A regional rather than synoptic approach is taken to the study of two formal regions: the Great Plains and the southern Rocky Mountains, and an informal region to include Colorado Springs, Cripple Creek and the nearby western High Plains.

GES 382-3. Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean.
Study of human relationship to the physical environment of Mexico, the central American countries, and the Caribbean islands.

GES 385-3. Historical Geography of the United States.
Historical geography as a method for study of changing and evolving landscapes.

GES 386-3. Geography of Americans Southwest.
Examines the physical and cultural environment of the American Southwest. Includes an analysis of landforms, vegetation, climate, prehistoric cultures, modern native American peoples, Hispanic settlement, and modern demographic and social changes.

GES 390-3. Historical Geography of the British Isles.
Traces the historical evolution of the British landscape from prehistoric times to the present day. Particular regions like Wales, Yorkshire, the Lake District and Western Ireland will be examined in detail. Meets with HIST 300 SEC 001.

GES 400-4. Statistical Analysis in Geography.
The application of statistical and other quantitative techniques to geographically organized data, areal, distributions, and the solution of geographic research problems. Meets with GES 500.

GES 401-4. Technology, Development and Economic Geography.
Theory and issues in contemporary economic geography. Explores process leading to interregional change, spatial interaction between places, and the homogenization of economies and cultures.

GES 405-4. Introduction to GIS.
An introduction to Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as a research tool. Students will use ArcView and/or Arc/Info to complete a series of geographic projects. A basic understanding of cartography and computer use is expected. Prer., GES 305 or instructor consent. Meets with GES 505.

GES 406-4. Introduction to Remote Sensing.
The acquisition and interpretation of environmental and natural resource data by using aerial photography and other imagery. This is a project-oriented course which involves the use of various types of photography and analysis techniques. Meets with ENSC 406 and GES 506.

GES 408-4. Advanced Geographic Information Systems (GIS).
Continued application of GIS for spatial analysis. Focuses on Arc/Info and complete original research projects. Prer., GES 405 or consent of instructor. Meets with GES 508.

GES 409-4. Image Processing.
An introduction to the advanced methods of resource analysis using remotely sensed imagery. All relevant portions of the electromagnetic spectrum will be discussed. Emphasis will be placed on the digital image analysis (by microcomputer) of LANDSAT data. No previous programming experience required. Prer., GES 406. Meets with ENSC 409 and GES 509.

GES 411-4. Introduction to Field Techniques.
A field-based course that demonstrates the multiple techniques used by geographers for data gathering and analysis. These techniques will include elementary surveying, GPS, hydrologic and landform measurements, map and compass use, dendrochronology analysis, and cultural/economic landuse mapping. Extended field trip(s) required.

GES 416-2 to 4. Teaching Geography.
Practicum and/or tutorial, by special arrangement only, in the teaching of geography (for example, serving as small-group leaders or proctors in introductory courses, or developing and/or testing curriculum materials).

GES 417-3. Geographic Writing Seminar.
Course provides opportunities for student-instructor interaction aiming to improve geographic writing skills.

GES 422-3. Synoptic Climatology.
The physical processes involved with the development and transportation of weather systems. Selected topics include relationships between upper atmospheric flow and surface weather phenomena, synoptic evaluation of air masses and techniques for environmental analysis. Prer., GES 100. Meets with GES 522.

GES 426-4. Biogeography.
An examination of the distribution of life on the Earths surface. The relationship between environmental factors and plant and animal distributions will be the central theme. Changes in distributions through time will also be examined. Required field trip. Prer., GES 100 or consent of instructor. Meets with GES 526, BIOL 426 and BIOL 526.

GES 427-4. Advanced Biogeography.
A project-oriented class with students studying the distribution of plants as related to environmental factors. This class will combine lecture, fieldwork, and data processing, resulting in maps and reports. The geographical area of study will be changed each time. Prer., GES 426/GES 526 or instructor consent. Meets with GES 527.

GES 428-4. Plant Communities of the Western United States.
An examination of plant assemblages in the contiguous United States west of the one-hundredth meridian. The distribution of major plant species will be used to illustrate plant community interactions with environmental factors such as climate and landforms. Prer., GES 426/GES 526. Meets with GES 528.

GES 429-4. Plant Communities of Colorado.
An examination of plant assemblages in Colorado. Major plant communities will be examined in the context of environmental factors such as climate and land forms. Required field trip. Prer., GES 426 or consent of instructor. Meets with BIOL 429 and GES 529.

GES 431-4. Principles of Geomorphology.
Systematic study of weathering, mass-wasting, fluvial, wind, and marine processes and the landforms resulting from these processes. Prer., GES 101, GEOL 101, or consent of instructor. Field projects, trips required. Meets with GES 531, GEOL 463, GEOL 563.

GES 432-3. Mountain Environmental Systems.
Field course emphasizing study of landforms produced by weathering and soils, mass movement, erosional processes under all climatic and altitudinal conditions. Includes front range glacial geology and glaciology. Prer., GES 100 or consent of instructor. Meets with GES 532.

GES 434-4. Soils.
Covers the nature and distribution of soils through an investigation of the basics of soil genesis and development. It will stress the environmental components involved in soil production and the geographic distribution of soil types. Prer., GES 101 or GEOL 101 or instructor consent. Meets with GES 534.

GES 441-3. Resource Management and Conservation.
Inventory, policy, and management of natural resources. Nature, significance, distribution, and problems associated with water, forest, wildlife, soils, and recreational resources. Emphasis is on experience in the United States, but other global problems may be included. Meets with GES 541.

GES 445-3. Analysis of Environmental Systems.
An analysis of the various factors involved in the routing of environmental impact statements. Emphasis will be on analytical procedures associated with the evaluation of environmental systems and applications specific environmental impact problems. Meets with GES 545.

GES 446-1 to 6. Field Studies in Geography.
Field investigations focused on a specific aspect of the landscape in a selected area. Topic and credit vary from year to year. Field trips required.

GES 448-3. Environmental Problems of Colorado.
A discussion and investigation of the environmental problems of the State of Colorado with an emphasis on land planning and land use, pollution, transportation, energy, and hazards. Programs to alleviate as well as to minimize any further related environmental problems will be developed. Meets with GES 548.

GES 450-3. Water Resources and Water Problems.
A descriptive interpretation and detailed inventory of hydroclimatic data, surface water, and ground water. The use of water is critically evaluated with emphasis on problems associated with geographic maldistribution, appropriation, irrigation, industry, pollution, and regional development. Meets with GES 550.

GES 451-3. Applied Hydrology.
Exploration of the principles of hydrology and their application to environmental investigations. Prer., GES 100 and GES 320 or consent of instructor. Meets with GES 551.

GES 455-3. Disasters and Society.
Case studies of slow and quick developing disasters will be discussed in a local, national, cross- cultural, and global framework. Issues covered will include technological hazards, the role of environmental perception, risk-taking, decision- making and the impact legislative changes at the local, state, and national levels. Meets with GES 555.

GES 460-3. The Cultural Landscape.
Students will learn to interpret the American cultural landscape, particularly everyday surroundings that they frequently take for granted. We will emphasize how culture shapes the world around us, from modifications to the natural terrain to the cities in which we live.

GES 461-3. Urban Geography.
Course addresses topics in urban location, urban morphology and design, urban function, and urban social issues. We analyze why cities look as they do and the role cities play in society. Emphasis is on cities in the United States. Meets with GES 561.

GES 470-1 to 4. Geographic Issues.
Geographic perspectives or dimensions of selected areas such as pollution, poverty, world conflict, natural hazards, landscape perception or women's communities will be presented. Topics vary from year to year.

GES 473-3. Geography of Population.
National and social patterns of population distribution; organization of populations; and methods of census, demographic analysis and mapping. Meets with GES 573.

GES 475-3. Recreation, Tourism, and the Environment.
An inquiry into the spatial distribution and environmental/cultural impacts of recreation and tourism, including international tourism. Recreational values, cultural norms and change, economic tradeoffs, and future trends are included. Meets with GES 575.

GES 476-3. Women's Space, Women's Place: Women's Role in Changing the Face of the Earth.
A re-examination of traditional aspects of cultural and regional geography from a feminist perspective. Understanding the full richness of the human experience in utilizing earth as habitat requires a conscious effort to explore the omissions about where, how, and why women live, work, migrate, perceive their environment, and generally contribute to the intricate mosaic of spatial organization. The geographical origins and distributions of differing roles of women in a number of societies are also explored. Meets with WMST 476.

GES 477-3. Development of Geographic Thought.
The course will focus upon discussions and studies of the development of geographic thought and philosophies. Both past and present literature will be appraised with particular emphasis placed upon the themes and topics significant to the growth of modern geographic philosophy. Prer., GES 199 or consent of instructor. Meets with GES 577.

GES 491-3. The World of Wines and Vines.
Focus on the physical and cultural geography of the worlds grape-producing regions. Coverage will include the study of terrain, soils, climate, and other aspects of physical geography; the historical geography of viticulture; the procedures and processes associated with growing grapes and making wines; and a detailed analysis of specific regions such as the Bordeaux area, the Napa Valley, and German wine regions. Prer., Must be 21 years of age.

GES 494-4. Seminar: Practicum in Image Processing.
Prer., GES 405 or GES 409 and consent of instructor required.

GES 497-3. Honors in Geography.
Independent research and thesis for geography majors who have maintained a superior scholastic performance in their overall program and within the department of geography and environmental studies. For superior students who wish to attain honors in the field of geography. May be taken in lieu of GES 499.

GES 498-1 to 12. Professional Experience II.
Designed experiences involving application of specific, relevant concepts and skills in supervised employment situations.

GES 499-3. Senior Thesis.
A one semester research project. The student will write a formal research paper drawing on primary sources and pertinent secondary material. The student will work under the direction of a full time member of the department and have a second member as an additional reader.

GES 500-4. Quantitative Methods.
Research-oriented quantitative methods seminar. Advanced data analysis techniques for use in geographic and environmental research. Meets with GES 400.

GES 501-3. Seminar: Geographic Research.
An analysis of research topics and methodologies in geography. Students will define a research topic, review literature in their field of interest, and prepare a research proposal. Prer., BA or BS.

GES 505-4. Introduction to GIS for Graduate Students.
Information Systems (GIS) as a research tool. Students will use ArcView or Arc/Info to complete a series of geographic projects and pursue the application of GIS to their own research areas. Prer., GES 305 or consent of instructor. Meets with GES 405.

GES 506-4. Seminar: Advanced Remote Sensing.
Intensive work on data acquisition using manual methods of imagery analysis. Specific research methods will be discussed. Students will accomplish several exercises and at least one major independent project. Meets with GES 406 and ENSC 406.

GES 508-4. Advanced GIS for Graduate Students.
Continued application of GIS for spatial analysis. Students will learn ARC/Info and complete original research projects in their field of interest. Prer., GES 405, GES 505 or instructor consent. Meets with GES 408.

GES 509-4. Image Processing.
An introduction to advanced image processing techniques used by the remote sensing community. Image restoration, enhancement, and classification will be emphasized. Prer., GES 406/GES 506. Meets with GES 409 and ENSC 409.

GES 516-4. Workshop in Geographic Education.
A course outlining methods of teaching geography in K-12. Includes discussion of important geographic concepts and their integration into the classroom. Students will develop teaching activities and materials for incorporation into their curriculum. Prer., Consent of instructor.

GES 517-2 to 4. Seminar: Research Methods.
Intensive work in using various forms of data and field investigation for analysis of geographic problems. Case studies and field experience.

GES 522-3. Synoptic Climatology.
The physical processes involved with the development and transportation of weather systems. Selected topics include relationships between upper atmospheric flow and surface weather phenomena, synoptic evaluation of air masses and techniques for environmental analysis. Prer., GES 100. Meets with GES 422.

GES 526-4. Biogeography.
An examination of the distribution of life on the Earths surface. The relationship between environmental factors and plant and animal distributions will be the central theme. Changes in distributions through time will also be examined. Required field trip. Prer., GES 100 or consent of instructor. Meets with GES 426, BIOL 426 and BIOL 526.

GES 527-4. Advanced Biogeography.
A project-oriented class with students studying the distribution of plants as related to environmental factors. This class will combine lecture, field work, and data processing; resulting in maps and reports. Prer., GES 426, GES 526 or instructor consent. Meets with GES 427.

GES 528-4. Plant Communities of the Western United States.
An examination of plant assemblages in the contiguous United States west of the one-hundredth meridian. The distribution of major plant species will be used to illustrate plant community interactions with environmental factors such as climate and landforms. Prer., GES 426/GES 526. Meets with GES 428.

GES 529-4. Plant Communities of Colorado.
An examination of plant assemblages in Colorado. Major plant communities will be examined in the context of environmental factors such as climate and land forms. Required field trip. Prer., GES 426, GES 526 or instructor consent. Meets with GES 429 and BIOL 429.

GES 531-4. Topics in Geomorphology.
Current research in landform processes. Focus on the western United States. Field projects, trips required. Prer. GEOL 101, GES 101 or instructor consent. Meets with GES 431, GEOL 463, GEOL 563.

GES 532-3. Mountain Environmental Systems Seminar.
Same as GES 432 but will include additional research work. Field trips optional. Prer., GES 100 or consent of instructor. Meets with GES 432.

GES 534-4. Seminar: Soils.
In-depth study of techniques used in analyzing soil classification systems for global soils. Problems in human use and misuse of soils. Prer., GES 101, GEOL 101, or instructor consent. Chemistry recommended. Meets with GES 434.

GES 541-3. Seminar in Resource Management and Conservation.
An investigation of environmental problems with emphasis on land-planning and land use, pollution, water, energy and natural hazards. Prer., Consent of instructor. Meets with GES 441.

GES 545-3. Seminar: Analysis of Environmental Systems.
Problems associated with development of environmental impact studies. Case examples and field work. Meets with GES 445.

GES 548-3. Environmental Problems of Colorado.
Specific land and resource use problems in Colorado. In-depth analysis of interacting systems of natural resources and human decision-making processes. Meets with GES 448.

GES 550-3. Topics in Water Resource Management.
Experience of water resource management in the United States, prospects for the future and problem solving techniques. Critical analysis of issues important in the western United States. Meets with GES 450.

GES 551-3. Applied Hydrology.
Exploration of the principles of hydrology and their applications to environmental investigations. Meets with GES 451.

GES 555-3. Disasters and Society.
The impact of extreme geophysical events on human society. Emphasis upon adaptations to extreme events and ways of reducing vulnerability and damage. Meets with GES 455.

GES 561-3. Urban Geography.
Course addresses topics in urban location, urban morphology and design, urban function, and urban social issues. We analyze why cities look as they do and the role cities play in society. Emphasis is on cities in the United States. Meets with GES 461.

GES 573-3. Seminar: Population Geography.
The geographic aspects of population characteristics including fertility, mortality, migration, distribution, and composition. Both theoretical and empirical considerations are included. Meets with GES 473.

GES 575-3. Seminar: Recreation Geography.
An inquiry into the spatial distribution and environmental conditions of recreation. Emphasis is on outdoor recreation in nonurban settings. The implications of recreational values to resource managers and land use decisions will be included. Meets with GES 475.

GES 577-3. History and Nature of Geography.
A history of geographical ideas from Greek classical efforts through the 19th century. Prer., Consent of instructor. Meets with GES 477.

GES 602-4. Data Processing in Earth Science.
Advanced data processing using digital image models and Geographic Information Systems. Students will be responsible for extensive individual project design and completion. Prer., GES 517 or GES 409/GES 509.

GES 700-1 to 6. Masters Thesis.

GES 940-1 to 4. Independent Study in Geography.
Independent work for undergraduates. By special arrangement with faculty only. Only for students presenting strong geography preparation.

GES 950-1 to 4. Independent Study in Geography: Graduate.
Independent work for graduate students. By special arrangement with faculty only. Prer., Consent of instructor.

GES 960-1 to 4. Independent Study in Geography: Graduate.
Independent work for graduate students. By special arrangement with faculty only. Prer., Consent of instructor.

GES 999-0. Candidate for Degree.

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Gerontology

GRNT 204-3. Biomedical Aspects of Aging.
A comprehensive study of the normal and pathological aspects of the aging process in human beings. The course treats cellular through organ system function, examining causes and changes related to aging. Immunity, nutrition and biopsychological factors are studied. The course also examines the concept of wellness as it applies to aging. Meets with BIOL 204 and HSCI 280.

GRNT 300-3. Introduction to Gerontology.
A comprehensive introduction to the experience of aging, including an overview of the biological, psychological, and social aging of individuals as well as the issues that confront us as an aging society.

GRNT 462-3. Sociology of Aging.
Examination of the aging process in American society. Focus on development from late adolescence through old age and death. Meets with SOC 462.

GRNT 463-3. Psychology of Aging.
An overview of gero-psychology covering such topics as the aging central nervous system, cultural contexts of aging, personal transitions in later life, mental disorders, and gero-psychology in the future. Prer., PSY 100. Meets with PSY 351.

GRNT 498-1 to 6. Professional Field Experience in Gerontology.
Designed learning experiences involving application of specific, relevant concepts and skills in supervised Gerontology related employment situations. (Pass/Fail grading only). Prer., GRNT 300 and consent of instructor. Sign up for no more than 3 credits per semester.

GRNT 940-1 to 6. Independent Study in Gerontology: Undergraduate.
Hours and credits to be arranged. Prer., Consent of instructor required.

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History

HIST 101-3. The Ancient World.
A survey of major political, economic, religious, and social themes of the ancient world, from the beginnings of civilization in the Near East to the end of the Roman empire in the West. Students will read a selection of original sources.

HIST 102-3. Medieval World.
A survey of major political, economic, religious and social developments in Europe from the end of the Roman Empire to 1500. This also includes a brief examination of the rise of Islam and the survival of Byzantium. Students will read a selection of original sources.

HIST 103-3. The Rise of Modern Europe, 1500-1815.
A survey of major political, economic, social, and cultural developments from the Reformation through the era of the French revolution. Students will read a selection of original sources.

HIST 104-3. Modern Europe, 1815-Present.
A survey of major political, economic, social, and cultural developments from the fall of Napoleon until today. Students will read a selection of original sources.

HIST 111-3. Asian History: Southeast Asia.
A survey of Southeast Asian society, culture, politics and economy, from early Southeast Asian civilizations to the present.

HIST 112-3. Asian History: The Indian Subcontinent.
Survey of South Asian society, culture, politics and economy, from the birth of Indian civilization to the present.

HIST 113-3. Asian History: China.
The evolution of Chinese society, economy, culture and political systems from the birth of Chinese civilization to the present.

HIST 114-3. Asian History: Japan.
A survey of Japanese society, culture, politics and economy, from the birth of Japanese civilization to the present.

HIST 121-3. History of the Middle East.
A survey course covering the history of the Middle East. Special attention will be given to the birth of Islam; the Ottoman empire; European imperialism; the birth of Israel; the Six-Day War; the Camp David accords; the tragedy of Lebanon; the Irani revolution; the Gulf War; and steps for peace.

HIST 140-3. Latin America to 1810.
Survey of the political, social and economic development of Latin America from pre-Columbian beginnings to 1810.

HIST 141-3. Latin America Since 1810.
Survey of the political, social, and economic development of Latin America since 1810.

HIST 151-3. US: Birth of a Nation, 1607-1789.
Survey of the development of the US from the colonial period through the ratification of the Constitution, with emphasis on causes, events, and results of the American Revolution.

HIST 152-3. US: Expansion and Division, 1789-1877.
Survey of the major issues related to interpretation of the Jeffersonian and Jacksonian eras with emphasis on the challenges derived from westward expansion and the social, economic, and political factors contributing to disunion and civil war.

HIST 153-3. US: Emergence of Modern America, 1865-1920.
Survey of the economic, social and political development of industrial America from the reconstruction through World War I.

HIST 154-3. US: Recent America, 1918-Present.
Survey of Americas social, political, economic and cultural history during the time the U.S. has been a world power. The roots of contemporary society, with emphasis on the emergence of a multicultural America.

HIST 300-1 to 3. Special Topics.
These courses are usually taught on a one-time basis. The subject matter will change from year to year and will cover an important but rarely taught subject in history.

HIST 304-3. Sex, Marriage, Death in Pre-Industrial Europe.
Examines the life cycles of Europeans in the pre-industrial period (before c. 1750) through analysis of the theory and practice of procreation, child-rearing, marriage, and death.

HIST 310-3. Great Thinkers of Europe.
An examination of the major currents of recent thought. Thinkers to include some of the following: Freud, Weber, Lenin, Virginia Woolf, Buber, Brecht, Sartre, and Benn.

HIST 311-3. Great Thinkers of Europe: The Nineteenth Century.
Following an introduction to the major trends and movements of nineteenth-century European thought, this course will acquaint students with some of the periods most significant and influential works. Readings will be selected from among such authors as Sir Walter Scott, George Sand, the Brothers Grimm, Marx and Engels, John Stuart Mill, and Ibsen.

HIST 323-3. Fascism and the Holocaust.
An analysis of Nazi Germanys policy of genocide against the Jews in the context of European fascism of the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s.

HIST 325-3. Germans and the Holocaust.
An analysis of Germans and the Holocaust from several perspectives: the development of German anti- Semitism; the identity of German Jews; genocide as perpetrated by the Third Reich; subsequent efforts of atonement, commemoration.

HIST 335-3. Germany, 1763 to 1866.
An examination of major developments of German politics, society, economic life and culture from the end of the Seven Years War to the Austro-Prussian War. Special attention to nationalism and the emergence of national literature.

HIST 336-3. Germany since 1866.
An examination of major developments of German politics, society, economic life and culture from the end the Austro-Prussian War to today. Inclusion of some German literature.

HIST 337-3. Hitler and German National Socialism.
An examination of the Nazi leader in terms of the historical situation in which he attained power, his historical significance generally and the policy of genocide for which he was responsible. Some use of psycho-historical approach.

HIST 338-3. Germany Since 1945.
An analysis of German politics, economics, society, and culture since the end of World War II.

HIST 342-3. Medieval England.
A survey of the early formation of the English nation, from the coming of the Anglo-Saxons to c. 1500. The focus will be on major economic, political and religious trends as seen through a variety of original sources.

HIST 344-3. Tudor-Stuart England.
Traces the creation and maintenance of the Tudor state in the 16th century and its dismantlement during the revolutions of the 17th century. The emphasis will be on political, social, and economic structures as seen through a variety of original sources.

HIST 346-3. Early Modern England.
Survey of early Modern English history from 1688 to 1830 with an emphasis on political and economic developments and their impact on social structure.

HIST 349-3. History of Ireland
Traces developments in Irish history since the 1100s, the century in which Irelands stormy relationship with Great Britain began. Special emphasis will be placed upon that relationship, but the course will also examine the various social groups that coincided Irish society and their relationships with each other. Irish culture in its many facets will be examined through the study of various works of literature interspersed throughout the course.

HIST 350-3. Chicano History to 1910.
A panoramic sketch of Chicano history to about 1910. This course integrates events, ideas and personalities from both sides of the border to illuminate the evolution of Spanish-speaking people of the American Southwest. Meets with EST 350.

HIST 351-3. Chicano History Since 1910.
A broad sketch of Chicano history since 1910. This course integrates events, ideas, and personalities from both sides of the border to illuminate the evolution of Spanish-speaking people of the American Southwest.

HIST 353-3. Religion and Culture in America, 1500-1865.
Close study using primary and secondary texts of the religious cultures of America from Native American origins to the Civil War.

HIST 354-3. Religion and Culture in the US, 1865-2000.
Seminar discussions of the mutual influences of American religion and American culture from the Civil War to the present.

HIST 360-3. The 1960s.
Examines the social, political and cultural changes arising in the turbulent years of the 1960s. Special attention will be given to the Civil Rights Movement, the domestic aspects of the Vietnam War, and challenges to traditional culture and values.

HIST 372-3. From Slavery to Freedom: Slavery and the African-American Experience in Colonial and Antebellum America.
Introduces students to the major political, social and cultural developments in the history of African Americans from 1619 through Reconstruction. Meets with EST 372.

HIST 373-3. Vision & History in Native American and African American Narratives.
Examines via biography/autobiography how North America impacts the perspective and reality of American Indian and African American people(s), circa 1790-2000. Meets with EST 373.

HIST 374-3. African American Social and Political Thought, 1790-1980.
Surveys the historical basis of socio-political thought in North Americas diaspora (African American) communities. Meets with EST 374.

HIST 386-3. Popular Culture in 20th Century America.
How do Americans live, relax, and entertain themselves? The answer involves high culture but also popular culture. Over the course of the century, pop culture forces such as the rise of the auto, advertising, the sexual revolution, radio, TV, movies and music from jazz to rock have transformed modern American civilization.

HIST 388-3. The History of American Education.
An examination of the critical developments taking place in the history of American education. The background of pressing issues and challenges facing modern education are covered along with examples of how education has been used to improve human conditions.

HIST 389-3. History of Colonial India.
A history of India that details the colonization of South Asia. Topics of special attention are British imperialism, rebellions against British control, and the Indian struggle for freedom and independence.

HIST 394-3. Theory and Methods in History.
Seminar discussions and presentations emphasizing research skills and methods in history. Students should take prior to or along with Senior Thesis Seminar, HIST 499.

HIST 398-3. The Vietnam War Through Film.
A survey of the war in Southeast Asia through the eyes of Hollywood. Major periods include Frances war with Vietnam, early American involvement, the war through Asian eyes (as portrayed in Hollywood), the soldiers war back home, and the fall of Vietnam.

HIST 399-3. European Film - European History.
The study of European film in conjunction with major developments in European society, politics and culture. Topics to include: realism and social commentary; symbolism; historical films; propaganda films; reception; the development of film techniques; the film industry. Emphasis will vary by semester.

HIST 411-3. Early Medieval Europe.
Scope of course: 3rd century through 10th century. Themes covered will be Christianization of the Roman Empire, the transformation of the Western Empire into European feudal kingdoms, and the survival of the Eastern Empire.

HIST 412-3. The Twelfth Century Renaissance.
Scope of the course: 11th century through the 13th century. Themes covered will be political, social, religious, and economic developments that shaped Medieval Europe into a unique civilization.

HIST 421-3. History of Christianity: Primitive Church to circa 300.
An exploration of primitive Christianity through its immediate Judaic and Hellenistic roots, to include extended historical and literary discussion of the literature of the New Testament and an analysis of the historical Jesus. Meets with REST 421.

HIST 422-3. History of Christianity: circa 300 to circa 1500.
A history of the Christian church in the West from its acceptance as a legal religion in the 4th century to the eve of its breakup at the Reformation. The focus is especially on theological, organizational, and heretical developments. Meets with REST 422.

HIST 423-3. Renaissance/Late Middle Ages.
A survey of the major political, economic, and social developments in Western Europe from the early 14th through the early 16th century. Included will be the expansion of Europe, notably of Spain and Portugal.

HIST 424-3. The Reformation and Counter-Reformation.
A survey of Europe from the early 16th century through the mid-17th century from Martin Luther through the Thirty Years War. Emphasis will be given to religious themes and their relation to politics, economics and society.

HIST 426-3. Europe in the Age of Enlightenment.
An examination of the eighteenth century, with special emphasis on the enlightenment and popular culture.

HIST 429-3. Europe and the World: 1492-1750.
Europes relations with major portions of the world with focus on factors that contributed to Europes dominance over much of the world before the Age of Imperialism.

HIST 449-3. Europe Between the World Wars.
An analysis of the major trends and developments of European politics, society, economics, and culture between the world wars.

HIST 451-3. The American Revolution: The Forging of the Union, 1763-1789.
A comprehensive survey of the social, political, economic and intellectual transformations in America during the revolutionary era. The focus will be on the causes of the war, the war itself, the consequences of independence and the ratification of the constitution.

HIST 453-3. History of the US Civil War.

HIST 454-3. American Religious Cultures 1945-2000.
Intensive research seminar focusing on primary texts of recent American religions from Cold War Protestantism to New Age Buddhism.

HIST 458-3. The American West.
A continuation of the study of the westward movement extended to the region beyond the Mississippi, beginning with the Spanish exploration and continuing through the end of the 19th century. Emphasis on the association of Western interests with those of a rapidly developing industrial society in the east.

HIST 469-3. Colorado History.
A history of Colorado from prehistoric Indians to nuclear projects. Topics covered will include exploration and conquest, the mountain men, settlement and pioneer life, Indians, mining, economic and political developments, exploitation and preservation of the environment, and recent trends.

HIST 471-3. Asian American History.
Course will trace the social, political, economic, and cultural history of Asian Americans from the early settlements of the nineteenth century to the present. Meets with EST 471.

HIST 472-3. American Policy in the Pacific.
Traces the historical origins of U.S. diplomatic, political, and fiscal relationships in Asia. Topics include the early China trade, the opening of Japan, and aspects of American imperialism in East and Southeast Asia. Views U.S. foreign policy with an eye toward congressional and presidential decisions which resulted in American participation in three major wars in the Asian region.

HIST 473-3. Early China.
A history of China from archaeological origins through the Imperial Ages, the Mongol years to the final dynastic era - the Qing. Special attention focuses on early philosophic ideals, aspects of unity and disunity, as well as social, political and economic events.

HIST 474-3. Modern China.
An examination of the fall of the Imperial dynastic system and the rise of new political ideas of governance including republicanism, and communism. Important topics include: the 1911 revolution, the warlord years, the creation of the nationalist and Communist parties, WWII in Asia and the rise and fall of Mao Zedong.

HIST 475-3. Modern Japan.
Included in this semester will be a study of Japans contact with the West, the Meiji Restoration and the creation of a modern nation, the expansion of the empire, and the rise of militarism and World War II. The course concludes with the postwar occupation and recovery of Japan.

HIST 476-3. Shoguns of Japan.
Course begins with the establishment of the first military feudal regime in 1185 and ends with the restoration of imperial rule in 1868. Included is an examination of the political, cultural, economic, and social aspects of each of the three Shoguns that comprise the era of the Shoguns in Japan.

HIST 477-3. Vietnam Wars.
A focus on the country, people and U.S. involvement. Guest speakers will supplement the lectures and give first hand accounts of their participation in the war. Vietnam will also define the role of American Foreign Policy during the Cold War.

HIST 478-3. History of Modern Southeast Asia.
The countries of Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines Singapore, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam in 19th and 20th centuries. Students will consider religious, social, economic and revolutionary trends prior to independence and then look at the problems of post colonial independence from a regional point of view.

HIST 479-3. The American Military Experience.
An objective examination of the military history of the United States from the colonial period to the present. Significant battles and campaigns are carefully analyzed, but equal attention is given to cause and effect relationships of Americas wars in a national and global context.

HIST 485-3. War and Society: 20th Century US.

HIST 489-3. Environmental History: The West and the World.
A seminar dealing with global environmental history, with particular emphasis being given to the environmental history of the American West.

HIST 490-3. Creators of Mathematics: A Historical View.
Prer., I D 105. Meets with I D 445 and I D 545.

HIST 499-3. Senior Thesis Seminar: Approaches to the Study of History.
A required course for the history degree. The focus is on research methods, organization of ideas, analysis of evidence, and writing history. Under the direction of a faculty member, each member of the seminar will prepare an original piece of research: the Senior thesis. Prer., Junior or Senior status.

HIST 600-3. Historiography.
Introduction to the professional study of history. Required of all graduate students.

HIST 611-3. Readings in Medieval European History.
This graduate course analyzes the major secondary literature and historical interpretations in Medieval history, from c. 300 to c. 1300 A.D. Prer., Graduate status.

HIST 615-3. Readings in the Renaissance and Late Medieval Europe.
This graduate course analyzes the major secondary literature and historical interpretations in the Renaissance and late Medieval Europe, from c. 1300 to c. 1500 A.D. Prer., Graduate status.

HIST 622-3. Readings in the Reformation and Counter Reformation.
This graduate course analyzes the major secondary literature and historical interpretation in the era of the Reformation and the Counter-Reformation, from c. 1500 to c. 1648 A.D. Prer., Graduate status.

HIST 625-3. Readings in the Old Regime, 1648 to 1789.
Graduate-level readings in a period of European history. Prer., Admission to program or permission of instructor.

HIST 631-3. Readings in the Age of Revolution 1789 to 1870.
Graduate-level readings in a period of European history. Prer., Admission to program or permission of instructor.

HIST 635-3. Readings in Modern Europe, 1870 to the Present.
Graduate-level readings in a period of European history. Prer., Admission to program or permission of instructor.

HIST 646-3. Readings: Religion and Culture in America, 1500 to 20th Century.
Graduate seminar emphasizing intensive and extensive scholarly readings on religion and culture in America, preparing students for the graduate research seminar paper. Prerequisite to HIST 746.

HIST 651-3. Readings in US History, 1765 to 1815.
A graduate reading course designed to familiarize graduate students with the historiography of the American Revolution and the early national period. Students will read major works by past masters as well as current historiography.

HIST 661-3. Readings: US, 1815 to 1876.
Graduate level readings in the major historiographic problems of the early nineteenth century through the Civil War and Reconstruction. Prer., Graduate status in history.

HIST 666-3. Readings in US History: Emergence of Modern America.
Extensive reading of modern historians in the political, economic, social, and cultural history of the US during the period of the emergence of industrialized America. Prer., Graduate status.

HIST 669-3. Special Topics.

HIST 671-3. Readings in US History: The Super Power Era, 1918-Present.
Extensive reading of modern historians in the political, economic, social, and cultural history of the US during the period of America as a world superpower. Prer., Graduate status.

HIST 676-3. Readings in the Trans-Mississippi-West.
A graduate seminar designed to provide an in-depth understanding of the role of the trans-Mississippi American West in the history of the United States.

HIST 679-3. Readings in Latin American History.
Provides students with a broad introduction to the major themes in Latin American history. Indigenous cultures, colonial history, the emergence of nations in the nineteenth century and revolutions of the twentieth century will be covered.

HIST 681-3. Readings in the Indian Subcontinent Since 1556.
Graduate seminar designed to provide an in-depth knowledge of South Asia since the advent of the Mughal Empire.

HIST 686-3. Readings in the Pacific Rim Since 1600.
Graduate seminar designed to provide an in-depth knowledge of East Asia since 1600.

HIST 688-3. Special Topics.
A readings or research seminar in a particular field not covered in regular graduate courses. Prer., Permission of instructor.

HIST 711-3. Research in Medieval European History.
Graduate level research and preparation of a scholarly paper, using primary sources, in Medieval history. Prer., HIST 611.

HIST 715-3. Research in Renaissance and Late Medieval Europe.
Graduate level research and preparation of scholarly paper, using primary sources, in the Renaissance and late Medieval Europe. Prer., HIST 615.

HIST 722-3. Research in the Reformation and Counter-Reformation.
Graduate level research and preparation of a scholarly paper, using primary sources, in the Reformation and Counter-Reformation. Prer., HIST 621.

HIST 725-3. Research in the Old Regime, 1648 to 1789.
Graduate-level research in a period of European history. Prer., HIST 625.

HIST 731-3. Research in the Age of Revolution, 1789 to 1870.
Graduate-level research in a period of European history. Prer., HIST 631.

HIST 735-3. Research in Modern Europe, 1870 to Present.
Graduate-level research in a period of European history. Prer., HIST 635.

HIST 746-3. Research in Religion and Culture in America, 1500 to 20th Century.
Graduate research seminar emphasizing an individualized research project on any approved topic in religion and culture in American history. Prer., HIST 646.

HIST 751-3. Research in US History, 1765-1815.
This is a course in primary research in Revolutionary America. Prer., HIST 651.

HIST 761-3. Research in US History: 1815 to 1877.
This is a course in research for MA students. Students will be required to use primary sources in American history (1815/1877).

HIST 766-3. Research in US History: The Super Power Era, 1918 to Present.
Graduate level research in modern American history. Prer., HIST 666.

HIST 771-3. Research in US History: The Super Power Era, 1918 to Present.
Graduate level research in modern American history. Prer., HIST 671.

HIST 776-3. Research in the Trans-Mississippi West.
A graduate seminar in which students will research and write a term paper on a specialized topic in the history of the trans-Mississippi American west. Prer., HIST 676.

HIST 779-3. Research in Latin American History.
Students will engage in primary source research of a topic of their choice within the field of Latin American History. Graduate students only. Prer., HIST 679.

HIST 781-3. Research in the Indian Subcontinent Since 1556.
A graduate seminar in which the students will research and write a term paper on a specialized topic in South Asian history. Prer., HIST 681.

HIST 786-3. Research in the Pacific Rim Since 1600.
A graduate seminar in which the students will research and write a term paper on a specialized topic in East Asian history. Prer., HIST 686.

HIST 940-1 to 3. Independent Study in History: Undergraduate.
Prer., Consent of instructor.

HIST 960-1 to 3. Independent Study in History: Graduate.
Prer., Instructor consent.

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Humanities 

HUM 311-3. Film, Technology, and Culture.
A study of film as a cultural medium through which people express anxieties and hopes, vent critical reactions against social norms and modes of behavior, and reflect on possible changes. Prer., ENGL 141 or equiv and Junior standing.

HUM 313-3. The Baroque.
This is an interdisciplinary course focusing on world art and culture of the Baroque period. Issues and themes include the impact of political and religious absolutism, and the rise of modern science on theatre, literature, art, and music. Prer., ENGL 141 or equivalent.

HUM 314-3. Mythologies.
An examination of myths central to varying cultures and epochs as they are represented in different fields; including music, art, literature, philosophy, film, politics, history, psychology, and popular culture.

HUM 317-3. Minority Voices.
The voices which celebrate positions and oppositions in race, class, gender, culture and sexual orientation. Selected literature, film, and artistic musical and historical documents. Analysis of social, political, and ethical concerns.

HUM 399-3. Special Topics in Humanities.
The topic will vary by semester and a specific course may be cross-listed with a course in another department. Students should check each semesters Schedule of Courses for specific topics.

HUM 940-1. Independent Study.
Independent Study in Humanities is set aside for those students needing one credit hour in Humanities to satisfy the General Humanities Requirement. Permission of Director of Humanities is required. Prer., Permission of Director of Humanities.

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Interdepartmental Studies 

I D 103-3. Fundamentals of Written/Oral Communication.
Fundamentals of written and oral communication necessary for undergraduate academic success. The course focuses on three related components: strategies for writing expository essays; basic conventions of standard written English and oral communication competency. Enrolled students are participants in the pre-collegiate program at UCCS.

I D 105-3. Quantitative and Qualitative Reasoning Skills.
Designed to bring all incoming students up to a minimum competency in quantitative and qualitative skills. It includes such topics as arithmetic skills, graphing, statistics, problem solving skills, and algebraic skills. The exit exam from this course is identical to the proficiency exam which must be passed by all LAS students prior to graduation.

I D 111-1. Academic Fitness.
In this course, students will study goal-setting, time management, note-taking, test-taking, critical thinking, and oral and written communication. They will develop academic success strategies and apply them to this course and other courses being taken concurrently.

I D 200-3. Mathematics: A Human Endeavor.
An introductory course in mathematics as a liberal art. Designed to demonstrate the beauty of mathematics, its methods and its place in human endeavors. Recommended for those who like the subject and for those who think they don't.

I D 205-3. Beyond the Finite.
Shows how infinity, which plays a key role in mathematics and many other areas of human endeavor, appears in arithmetic, geometry, and foundations of analysis. Just as every intelligent person needs at least some acquaintance with discoveries of Einstein and Freud, one needs exposure to the George Cantors discovery of the infinite. Strongly recommended for natural science, math and math education majors, but expected to benefit everyone.

I D 301-1 to 3. Transition Seminar.
Specifically designed for first-semester transfer students, this course helps students integrate into the UCCS campus community; refine speaking, writing, and technology skills through project-based learning; cultivate critical research competence; and explore academic and career options. Each semester, a topic is investigated according to three broad academic perspectives. Prer., Not open to students who have taken I D 101.

I D 366-3. Service Learning: Theory and Practice.
Combines theory with practical application; includes reading assignments, discussion, and a service learning project. Prer., Sophomore standing or consent of instructor.

I D 401-1. Honors Senior Roundtable: Sharing Passions, Sharing Perspectives.
Seniors in their graduating semester will reflect on and share with others their passion for their major field, and perspectives as to why this field is important in the context of both the university and society at large. Prer., Consent of instructor required. Open to seniors in graduating semester, by invitation from major department Chair only.

I D 410-1 to 3. A Sense of Place.
Focuses on the character of a particular place. An understanding of these places will be accomplished through an analysis of selected aspects such as history, culture, literature, art and geography.

I D 445-3. Creators of Mathematics.
An introduction to the history of mathematics and its creators. Traces the lives and works of the greatest mathematicians of all time. Explores discovery of new ideas. Designed for math, math education, and history majors but may also be a valuable experience for science and art majors. Meets with I D 545 and HIST 490.

I D 446-3. Emergence of Graph Theory: A Historical Exploration of a Mathematical Theory.
Explores the emergence of Graph Theory through its history. Studies original pioneering papers and their creators. A valuable elective for math., math., ed., history, physics and other majors. Prer., I D 105 or consent of instructor. Meets with I D 546.

I D 450-3. A Serious Course in Recreational Mathematics.
An exciting, unique introduction to mathematics through the study of mathematical games, puzzles and competition with emphasis on the beauty, elegance, paradoxy, and ingenuity of mathematical ideas. As part of the course, students and instructor will organize the annual Colorado Mathematical Olympiad for Junior and Senior high school students. Meets with I D 550.

I D 480-3. What is Mathematics?
Demonstrates how mathematicians create new results in mathematics; how problems of high school geometry lead to open problems-to mathematical frontiers; how several areas of mathematics join together to solve a problem. Invaluable for math majors and math teachers but may be of understanding of mathematics. Prer., High school algebra or ID 105 and high school geometry. Meets with I D 580.

I D 485-3. Geometric Insight in Combinatorial Mathematics.
Geometric insight is a strikingly beautiful tool in mathematics. It demonstrates the power of visualization, experimentation, and imagination in combinatorial mathematics. Designed for math, math education, and natural science majors, but may be taken by anyone who enjoys mathematics. Prer., High school geometry.

I D 490-3. Mathematical Coloring.
Shows how coloring can solve mathematical problems; traces ideas of coloring through geometry, combinatorics, number theory, and other areas of mathematics. Allows students to visit a studio of a mathematician. Invaluable for math majors and math teachers as well as science majors. Prer., High school geometry. Meets with I D 590.

I D 499-6 to 12. Argonne Semester.
Students apply to Argonne National Laboratories during their Junior year for acceptance into the long- standing Argonne Scientific research program for undergraduates. Prer., Acceptance by the Argonne National Laboratory and approval by the dean of the college.

I D 545-3. Creators of Mathematics: A Historic View.
An introduction to the history of mathematics and its creators, the greatest mathematicians of all time, their lives and their works, through birth and discovery of new ideas. Prer., I D 105. Meets with I D 445 and HIST 490.

I D 546-3. Emergence of Graph Theory: A Historical Exploration of a Mathematical Theory.
Explores the emergence of Graph Theory through its history. Studies original pioneering papers and their creators. A valuable elective for math., math. ed., history, physics and other majors. Prer., I D 105 or consent of instructor. Meets with I D 446.

I D 550-3. A Serious Course in Recreational Mathematics.
An introduction to mathematics through the study of mathematical games, puzzles, and competitions with the emphasis on the beauty, elegance, paradoxy, and ingenuity of mathematical ideas. As a part of the course, students and instructor may participate in organizing the Colorado Mathematical Olympiad. Prer., I D 105 or consent of instructor. Meets with I D 450.

I D 580-3. What is Mathematics?
Demonstrates how mathematicians create new results in mathematics; how problems of high school geometry lead to open problems-to mathematical frontiers; how several areas of mathematics join together to solve a problem. Invaluable for math majors and math teachers buy may be of interest to science majors or others who wish to have a better understanding of mathematics. Prer., High school algebra or I D 105 and high school geometry. Meets with I D 480.

I D 585-3. Geometric Insight in Combinatorial Math.
Geometric insight is a strikingly beautiful tool in mathematics. It demonstrates the power of visualization, experimentation, and imagination in combinatorial mathematics. Designed for math, math education, and natural science majors, but may be taken by anyone who enjoys mathematics. Prer., High school geometry.

I D 590-3. Mathematical Coloring.
Shows how coloring can solve mathematical problems; traces ideas of coloring through geometry, combinatorics, number theory, and other areas of mathematics. Allows students to visit a studio of a mathematician. Invaluable for math majors and math teachers as well as science majors. Prer., High school geometry. Meets with I D 490.

I D 940-1 to 3. Independent Study: Undergraduate.
Independent study in interdepartmental studies (Upper Division).

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Italian 

ITAL 102-5. Beginning Italian II.
Essentials of Italian continued. Additional oral- aural skills practice with increased grammar, reading, and writing. Prer., ITAL 101 or equivalent.

ITAL 211-3. Intermediate Italian I.
Italian at the intermediate level with concentration on conversation, culture, and civilization, or literature at that level. Prer., ITAL 102 or equivalent.

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Journalism 

JOUR 290-3. Writing for the Media.
Fundamentals of new gathering and writing news story forms. Assignments include reportorial work for campus publications. Meets with COMM 290.

JOUR 666-3. Media Ethics.
Selected topics in the area of journalistic ethics and issues. Students examine current theory and practice in journalism and apply these concepts to simulated communications problems. Topics vary each semester; examples include media ethics and social problems from cases in advertising, news and entertainment programming.

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Japanese 

JPNS 102-5. Beginning Japanese II.
Continued skills in listening to and speaking Japanese. Reading and writing intensified with further study of Hiragana and basic Kanji. Prer., JPNS 101 or its equivalency.

JPNS 211-3. Intermediate Japanese I.
Conversational Japanese at the intermediate level. Reading and writing with additional study of Kanji. Prer., JPNS 102 or its equivalency.

JPNS 212-3. Intermediate Japanese II.
Japanese at the advanced intermediate level. Speaking, reading and writing with additional study of Kanji. Prer., JPNS 211 or consent of instructor.

JPNS 320-3. Japanese Culture and Civilization.
Elements of history, culture, art, music and rituals of the Japanese experience. Meets with F CS 310.

JPNS 920-1 to 3. Independent Study in Japanese.
Selected topics in Japanese language, literature and culture. May be offered to meet specific student needs. May be repeated up to three times for credit. Prer., JPNS 102.

JPNS 930-1 to 3. Independent Study in Japanese.
Selected topics in Japanese language, literature and culture. May be offered to meet specific student needs. May be repeated up to three times for credit. Prer., JPNS 211.

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Latin 

LAT 102-4. Beginning Latin II.
Continued study of Latin grammar with expanded reading and writing. Prer., LAT 101 or equivalent.

LAT 211-4. Intermediate Latin I.
Latin at the intermediate level. Readings in culture, civilization and literature. Prer., LAT 102 or sufficient score on placement test.

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Military Science

M S 102-1. Basic Leadership.
An introduction to the life skills of problem solving, decision making, and leadership. The course is designed to help students in the near-term as leaders on and off campus. Topics include critical thinking, problem solving methods, leadership theory, followership, group cohesion, goal setting, and feedback mechanisms. Lessons emphasize student discussions and practical exercises. Lab is required once a week.

M S 201-2. Advanced Leadership.
Course delves into the theoretical and practical leadership topics. Several communication and leadership topics are examined (assertiveness, motivation, written/oral communication, organizational culture, etc.). A major leadership problem solving case study is included. Students will be grounded in fundamental leadership principles by course end and be able to apply the principles to future life experiences. Lab is required once a week.

M S 202-2. Tactics and Officership.
Focuses on the practical application of decision making and leadership and examines the roots of national and Army values and ethics. Students will use a case study that traces the Army's successes and failures from the Vietnam War to the present to help them put previous lessons on values, communications, decision making, and leadership in real-work context. Lab is required once a week.

M S 301-3. Fundamentals of Military Leadership and Training I.
Focuses on building leadership competencies and military skills in preparation for a students future responsibilities as a military leader. Topics include the principles of war, decision- making, planning models, and risk assessment. Advanced leadership instruction is on motivational theory, the role and actions of leaders, and organizational communications. Lab is required once a week and physical training is required three times per week.

M S 302-3. Fundamentals of Military Leadership and Training II.
Builds on the skills and knowledge attained in M S 301. Instruction will include individual leader development, planning and execution of small unit operations, individual and team development, and the Army as a career choice. Students should be prepared to attend Advanced Camp at Fort Lewis, Washington the following summer by course completion. Lab is required once a week and physical training is required three times per week.

M S 303-3. Advanced Camp.
Mandatory 5-week practicum conducted at Fort Lewis, WA for all advanced course Army ROTC students. Students are assigned leadership positions at various levels of responsibility, in varied environments and are evaluated on their ability to function within the Army team. Contract Army ROTC students only. Prer., M S 301 and M S 302.

M S 401-3. Military Staff Functions.
Provides the student with an understanding of the U.S. Army staff organizations, the interrelationships of these staffs and their role in support of the commander. Prer., M S 301 and M S 302.

M S 402-3. Transition to Lieutenant.
Course completes the transition from student to lieutenant. It delves into the legal and ethical aspects of decision making and leadership. Other topics include how the Army organizes for tactical/ strategic operations and how to manage administration and logistics at unit level. The semester will culminate with a major capstone exercise in small unit leadership. Lab is required once a week and physical training is required three times per week.

M S 498-3. Special Studies in Leadership.
Course is for the student participating in the Army ROTC Advanced Course who wants to pursue further studies in the application of leadership principles and group dynamics. This course is by arrangement with the Professor of Military Science only. Students must be Army ROTC Advanced Course participants. Prer., M S 402.

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Music

MUS 101-3. Music Theory I.
The fundamentals of music, rhythm theory, scale theory, key signatures, intervals and functional harmony are taught in Music Theory I. The development of written and aural skills are the highest priority.

MUS 131-1. University Choir.
Study and performance of choral music. Open to all qualified students. May be repeated three times for a total of 3 hours credit.

MUS 150-1. Applied Music-Private Instruction.
This instruction is open to all students regardless of musical background. Fourteen 45-minute lessons per semester are offered with the meeting time and place to be arranged with the instructor. All students are required to perform or attend two recitals. Lessons will cover technique, interpretation and musical style.

MUS 201-3. Advanced Music Theory.
Continuation of Theory I. Topics of study include part-writing in four voices, modulating, knowing how to use non-chord tones and harmonizing a given part. Prer., MUS 101 or consent of instructor.

MUS 205-3. Introduction to Jazz.
Survey course on Jazz. Various styles of Jazz from New Orleans style through Swing, Bebop, Cool, Avant Garde, Fusion, and the most recent developments will be studied in a musical and socio-humanistic perspective. Attendance at concerts required.

MUS 210-3. Rock and Roll Music.
This introductory level history and music appreciation course will survey the major musical, social and economic trends in Rock and Roll music from its roots in the popular music of the late 1800s to the present. Students will sharpen their musical analysis skills through listening and active participation.

MUS 225-1. Jazz Ensemble.
Performance oriented course of music from the Jazz tradition in the United States. Prer., Prior musical experience. Meets with MUS 205.

MUS 315-3. Introduction to Non-Western Music.
An introduction, from the listeners point of view, to the music of various non-western cultures, including those of Africa, Asia and the Americans. Examination, through recordings, readings, and films, of musical styles and esthetics and the relationships between music and culture.

MUS 375-3. 20th Century Music.
A survey of significant works of music literature in this century. Prer., MUS 101/102 or 185 or consent of instructor.

MUS 385-3. Symphonic Literature.
Symphonic literature studies orchestral masterworks from Bach to Rautavaara. Emphasis is on nineteenth century composers. Symphonies, concertos, overtures, and ortario included in course content. Attendance at orchestra concerts is required and at rehearsals is recommended.

MUS 403-1 to 3. Internship in Music.
Designed musical experience involving specific application of relevant concepts and skills in supervised professional situations. Pass/Fail only. Prer., Permission of Program Director.

MUS 493-1 to 3. Advanced Special Topics.
Special topics usually taught on a one time basis. Subjects offered will respond to special interest or rapidly changing topics. Can be taken twice for credit but not more than 6 hours may apply toward graduation. Prer., Basic knowledge of topic.

MUS 495-1 to 3. Special Topics.
Special topics are usually taught on a one-time basis. Subjects offered will respond to special interest or rapidly changing topics.

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Political Science

P SC 110-3. The American Political System.
A general introduction to the American political system with emphasis on the inter-relations among the various levels and branches of government, formal and informal political institutions, processes, and behavior. Required of all majors. Not open to those who have had other beginning courses in American government.

P SC 210-3. Politics and Policy in State and Local Communities.
Focuses on regional, state, and local government where politics is face to face and where political decisions regularly affect our daily lives. The political systems that teach children, issue building permits, collect garbage, determine welfare eligibility, operate parks, issue drivers licenses, and enforce traffic rules.

P SC 250-3. Introduction to Political Inquiry.
An introduction to the basic methods and tools of research in political science. Topics will include discussions of the resources available for political research, the study of politics as a science, common techniques of political analysis, the development of research designs, research report writing, and the ethics of political research. The course will be largely experiential, directly involving students in research experiences.

P SC 301-3. Women in Politics.
An examination of the role of women in American politics. Topics will include an historical perspective of women's political activity, the political interests and group activities of women, the legal status of women, political attitudes of and toward women, and women's political behavior. Meets with WMST 301.

P SC 303-3. Political Parties.
Party politics in the United States. Nature, structure, organization, and functions of political parties. Analysis of political behavior.

P SC 305-3. Race and Ethnicity in American Politics.
An examination of the role of U.S. ethnic minority groups in American politics from the perspectives of the groups themselves. Topics will include historical and contemporary perspectives on the political activities, interests and legal status of U.S. ethnic minorities; the relationship of power, race/ethnicity and class in determining the effects of the political system on these groups; and the impact of these groups on the political system. Meets with EST 305.

P SC 311-3. Emerging Nations.
Analysis of third world developmental problems such as lack of economic growth, corruption, military coups, arms sales, international debts, and the role of nature. Approaches to theory are discussed.

P SC 321-3. Western European Political Systems.
Governments and politics of selected countries of contemporary western Europe, with emphasis on Britain, France, Germany and certain others.

P SC 322-3. Eastern European Political Systems.
Examines the politics and policies of Eastern Europe during the 20th century and into the 21st century; analyzes Easter European politics from WWI, the revolutions of 1989 and consideration of issues, problems, and paradoxes of the post-socialist transition.

P SC 330-3. The Bureaucrats.
National, state, and local public service career systems in the United States and selected foreign countries. How the bureaucracy makes public policy.

P SC 348-3 to 6. Legislative Internship.
The department places students in legislative internships, usually with state legislators, but Washington internships are possible. Student normally spends 15-20 hours per week working with a legislator or legislating office in the Capitol of Denver. Credit dependent upon hours worked. Prer., 2.8 cum GPA; 45 hrs; consent of instructor.

P SC 398-3 to 6. Internship: Public Administration.
The department works with students placed in a public agency (governmental or non-profit agencies). Students spend 12 hours weekly working for the host organization in return for 3 credit hours. Prer., Open to upper division students of good academic record and with consent of the instructor.

P SC 402-3. The American Congress.
A survey of the development, practice, and theory of the contemporary Congress. Particular attention is paid to the origins of lawmaking and institutional change.

P SC 404-3. Political Interest Groups.
Nature, structure, organization, and functions of pressure groups. Analysis of pressure politics.

P SC 406-3. State Political Systems.
National, state, and interstate relations; constitutional development; legislative, executive, and judicial processes and problems; administrative organization and reorganization; state finances; major state services; future of the states. Special attention is given to the government of Colorado.

P SC 407-3. Urban Politics.
Political and social influence in urban areas; selection of urban leadership; relationship of the political system to governmental and social institutions. Meets with P AD 5626.

P SC 408-3. US Electoral Process.
Examines campaigns and voting, as well as the roles of parties interest groups and the media in the electoral process in the United States, with special attention to the legal and institutional context in which US elections take place. Prer., P SC 110.

P SC 413-3. Latin-American Political System.
Governments and politics of selected countries of Latin America. Constitutions and governments in theory and practice. Political parties, movements, and conflicts. The relationships between political problems and physical and social environments. Meets with P SC 514.

P SC 415-3. United States Space Policy.
Examination of historical origins, policy evolution, and future prospects of the US civilian space program. Meets with P SC 515.

P SC 418-3. Gender in International Politics.
Looks at issues of gender and sexuality in an international context. Covers war and militarism and their effect on women, the international division of labor, the effects of religious fundamentalisms, international trafficking in women and sexual violence issues. Meets with WMST 418.

P SC 421-3. International Politics.
The system of national states, concepts of national interest, goals of foreign policies, conduct of diplomacy, the role of non-state actors, and the bearing of these elements on the problem of peace. Great powers and regions of the earth in international politics today, their roles in international tensions, and the development of international relations theory. Meets with P SC 521.

P SC 422-3. Comparative Politics.
Advanced course examining and comparing the political process in a broad range of political, economic, and socio-cultural environments. Case studies and cross- national analysis of states and non-state actors are utilized to explain and predict political phenomena across a range of states and societies. Prer., P SC 101.

P SC 423-3. The United States in World Politics.
The foundations, assumptions, objectives, and methods of U.S. Foreign policy. The domestic and external problems of adapting U.S. Policy to the changing world environment.

P SC 424-3. Russian Foreign Policy.
Foreign policy of the Russian Federation, its impact on international politics, and its relations to domestic developments.

P SC 426-3. International Organization.
A comparative analysis of governmental and non- governmental international organizations. Special attention is paid to the United Nations and certain regional organizations such as the European community, NATO and the organization of American states.

P SC 427-3. Latin America in World Politics.
Basic elements in Latin American international relations. United States-Latin American relations and policies. Foreign policy formulation in major Latin American republics. Formerly P SC 477. Not open to those who have taken P SC 477.

P SC 428-3. International Political Economy.
Overview of the world political economy, especially in the post-WWII period. The central goal of the course is to provide information and develop analytical tools necessary for students to grasp the political issues inherent in international economic relations. Meets with ECON 328.

P SC 429-3. International Environmental Politics.
Study of the ways in which the international community reacts to environmental problems of a transboundary nature. Examination of theoretical frameworks used, policies developed, actors involved and analysis of a number of important cases and issues in international environmental politics. Meets with P SC 529.

P SC 432-3. Public Administration.
Role of administration in government; trends in American public administration; problems in organization; techniques of management.

P SC 434-3. National Security Organization and Policy Making.
Analysis of the governmental structure and the and the policy-making processes for American national security planning, decision making, and action.

P SC 435-3. Environmental Policies and Administration.
Resources in the American economy; consideration of constitutional, political, and geographic factors in the development of resources policy; organization, procedures, and programs for administration and development of natural resources.

P SC 439-3. The Presidency.
An examination of the historical, functional, constitutional, and political aspects of the presidency. An analytical comparison of the presidency with other executive systems.

P SC 440-3. Government and Society.
Examines the normative and positive theoretical underpinnings of government processes and policies in the United States. Emphasis is placed on the formal theoretical analysis of institutions and policies. Prer., P SC 110.

P SC 442-3. Political Ideas.
Main currents of political thought from ancient times to the present as seen in the writings of political theorists from Plato and Aristotle through Locke, Hobbes, Rousseau, Kropotkin, and Marx to contemporary exponents of ideologies from right to left.

P SC 445-3. American Political Thought.
History and development of American political theories and ideas from colonial period to present.

P SC 446-3. Administrative Law.
General nature of administrative law, types of administrative action and enforcement, analysis of rule-making and adjudication, and administrative due process.

P SC 447-3. Introduction to Constitutional Law.
Role of the Supreme Court in development of principles of constitutional law, beginning with the concept of judicial review. Federalism, jurisdiction of the federal courts, separation of powers, the taxing power, the commerce power, the doctrine of implied powers and other principles and doctrines which are relevant to contemporary interpretation of the constitution.

P SC 448-3. The Constitution and Individual Rights.
Nature and scope of American constitutional principles as developed by the U.S. Supreme court, with emphasis on the war power, power of the president, citizenship, the Bill of Rights, and the Civil War amendments.

P SC 449-3. The Judicial System.
Examination of the principal actors in the legal system police, lawyers, judges, citizens and the roles they play in the political process.

P SC 450-3. Senior Research Seminar.
A course designed to directly involve Senior students in political science in major research projects. The emphasis of the course will be on the development by the students of research topics and designs which fit their individual interests. Major papers will be required of all students. Research reports will be presented orally and critiqued in class. Required of all majors.

P SC 451-3. Defendants Constitutional Rights.
Nature and scope of American constitutional principles as developed by the United States Supreme Court, with emphasis on habeas corpus, search and seizure, grand jury, double jeopardy, self-incrimination, due process of law, speedy and public trial, right to counsel, trial by jury, bail, and cruel and unusual punishment.

P SC 452-3. Model Organization of American States (MOAS).
The course assists and supervises students in the preparation and execution of the Model Organization of American States for Universities (MOAS) in Washington, D.C. Students learn about the role, structure and operation of the MOAS by representing a member-state in the Inter-American system, students gain broad understanding of issues in International Politics and the practice of diplomacy and international organizations. Prer., Application and consent of instructor.

P SC 453-3. Model United Nations.
Course assists and supervises students in preparation and execution of the Model United Nations (MUN) college conference. The course catapults students into the world of diplomacy and negotiation. Students learn about the role, structure and operation of the United Nations. Prer., instructor consent.

P SC 498-1 to 3. Special Problems in Political Science.
A study of special problems relevant to political science taught by a highly qualified person in the particular problem area. Each semester that the course is offered, a different problem of high impact is studied.

P SC 515-3. United States Space Policy.
Examination of historical origins, policy evolution, and future prospects of the US civilian space program. Meets with P SC 415.

P SC 529-3. International Environmental Politics.
Study of the ways in which the international community reacts to environmental problems of a transboundary nature. Examination of theoretical frameworks used, policies developed, actors involved and analysis of a number of important cases and issues in international environmental politics. Meets with P SC 429.

P SC 598-3. Special Topics.
Each semester that the seminar is offered a different area of political science will be the focus of intensive study and analysis.

P SC 940-1 to 3. Independent Study in Political Science.
Intended to give an opportunity for advanced students with good scholastic records and with appropriate courses completed to pursue independently the study of some subject of special interest. Subjects are chosen and arrangements are made to suit the needs of each student. Prer., Senior standing, 15 semester hours of political science and consent of instructor.

P SC 948-3. Prelaw Internship.
Studies are undertaken concerning the practice of law or the administration of justice while the student has full or part-time employment with a law office, court, prosecutor, public defender, administrative hearing officer, or other individual or agency involved with the practice of law or the administration of justice. Prer., Consent of instructor; above average score on LSAT; and Senior status.

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Physics and Energy Science